Visualizing the Formation of the Kondo Lattice and the Hidden Order in URu2Si2

Abstract

Heavy electronic states originating from the f atomic orbitals underlie a rich variety of quantum phases of matter. We use atomic scale imaging and spectroscopy with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to examine the novel electronic states that emerge from the uranium f states in URu2Si2. We find that as the temperature is lowered, partial screening of the f electrons' spins gives rise to a spatially modulated Kondo-Fano resonance that is maximal between the surface U atoms. At T=17.5 K, URu2Si2 is known to undergo a 2nd order phase transition from the Kondo lattice state into a phase with a hidden order parameter. From tunneling spectroscopy, we identify a spatially modulated, bias-asymmetric energy gap with a mean-field temperature dependence that develops in the hidden order state. Spectroscopic imaging further reveals a spatial correlation between the hidden order gap and the Kondo resonance, suggesting that the two phenomena involve the same electronic states.

References in corpus (7)

• Gapped itinerant spin excitations account for missing entropy in the hidden order state of URu${}_2$Si${}_2$
• Fermi surface instability at the hidden-order transition of URu2Si2
• Electron Cotunneling into a Kondo Lattice
• Differential Conductance and Quantum Interference in Kondo Systems
• The Fano effect in the point contact spectroscopy of heavy electron materials
• Sleuthing Hidden Order
• Itinerancy and Hidden Order in $UR{u}_{2}S{i}_2$

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