Direct Evidence for the Existence of Heavy Quasiparticles in the Magnetically Ordered Phase of CeRhIn${}_5$

Abstract

It is a long-standing important issue in heavy fermion physics whether $f$-electrons are itinerant or localized when the magnetic order occurs. Here we report the {\it in situ} scanning tunneling microscopy observation of the electronic structure in epitaxial thin films of CeRhIn${}_5$, a prototypical heavy fermion compound with antiferromagnetic ground state. The conductance spectra above the Néel temperature $T_N$ clearly resolve the energy gap due to the hybridization between local 4$f$ electrons and conduction bands as well as the crystal electric field excitations. These structures persist even below $T_N$. Moreover, an additional dip in the conductance spectra develops due to the antiferromagnetic order. These results provide direct evidence for the presence of itinerant heavy $f$-electrons participating in the Fermi surface even in the magnetically ordered state of CeRhIn${}_5$.

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• Heavy-electron quantum criticality and single-particle spectroscopy
• Orbital-selective Kondo entanglement and antiferromagnetic order in USb${}_2$
• Fermi volume evolution and crystal field excitations in heavy-fermion compounds probed by time-domain terahertz spectroscopy
• Induced interactions and quench dynamics of bosonic impurities immersed in a Fermi sea
• Controlling unconventional superconductivity in artificially engineered $f$-electron Kondo superlattices
• Cross-over behavior of the localized to itinerant transition of 5f electrons in the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice USb2
• Distinct effect of Kondo physics on crystal field splitting in electron and spin spectroscopies