Relativistic redshift effects and the Galactic-center stars

Abstract

The high pericenter velocities (up to a few percent of light) of the S stars around the Galactic-center black hole suggest that general relativistic effects may be detectable through the time variation of the redshift during pericenter passage. Previous work has computed post-Newtonian perturbations to the stellar orbits. We study the additional redshift effects due to perturbations of the light path (what one may call "post-Minkowskian'' effects), a calculation that can be elegantly formulated as a boundary-value problem. The post-Newtonian and post-Minkowskian redshift effects are comparable: both are O(beta^3) and amount to a few km/s at pericenter for the star S2. On the other hand, the post-Minkowskian redshift contribution of spin is O(beta^5) and much smaller than the O(beta^4) post-Newtonian effect, which would be approximately 0.1km/s for S2.

21 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (6)

• Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
• Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits
• Testing the general relativistic ''no-hair'' theorems using the galactic center black hole SgrA*
• On the nature of the fast moving star S2 in the Galactic Center
• On post-Newtonian orbits and the Galactic-center stars
• Frame-dragging and the kinematics of Galactic-Center stars

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• Testing the No-Hair Theorem with Observations of Black Holes in the Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Perturbed stellar motions around the rotating black hole in Sgr A* for a generic orientation of its spin axis
• General relativistic effects on the orbit of the S2 star with GRAVITY
• Scalar field effects on the orbit of S2 star
• Testing the black hole no-hair theorem at the galactic center: Perturbing effects of stars in the surrounding cluster
• Investigating the Binarity of S0-2: Implications for its Origins and Robustness as a Probe of the Laws of Gravity around a Supermassive Black Hole
• On Testing the Kerr Metric of the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center via Stellar Orbital Motion: Full General Relativistic Treatment
• Long-term classical and general relativistic effects on the radial velocities of the stars orbiting Sgr A*
• The Galactic Centre star S2 as a dynamical probe for intermediate-mass black holes
• Towards relativistic orbit fitting of Galactic center stars and pulsars
• Testing scalar-tensor theories and PPN parameters in Earth orbit
• What stellar orbit is needed to measure the spin of the Galactic center black hole from astrometric data?
• Prospects for constraining the spin of the massive black hole at the Galactic center via the relativistic motion of a surrounding star
• Probing the spinning of the massive black hole in the Galactic Center via pulsar timing: A Full Relativistic Treatment
• The Galactic Center as a laboratory for theories of gravity and dark matter
• Galactic-center S-Stars as a prospective test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle
• Clocks around Sgr A*
• Post-Keplerian effects on radial velocity in binary systems and the possibility of measuring General Relativity with the S2 star in 2018
• On the Newtonian and Spin-induced Perturbations felt by the Stars Orbiting around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
• Spacecraft Clocks and Relativity: Prospects for Future Satellite Missions
• On the post-Keplerian corrections to the orbital periods of a two-body system and their application to the Galactic Center
• A Significant Feature in the General Relativistic Time Evolution of the Redshift of Photons Coming from a Star Orbiting Sgr A*
• An adaptive scheduling tool to optimize measurements to reach a scientific objective: methodology and application to the measurements of stellar orbits in the Galactic Center
• An analytic solution for weak-field Schwarzschild geodesics
• Radial Velocity Measurements of an Orbiting Star Around Sgr A*
• Testing the Non-circularity of the Spacetime around Sagittarius A* with Orbiting Pulsars