Soliton creation during a Bose-Einstein condensation

Abstract

We use stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation. We show that cooling into a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) can create solitons with density given by the cooling rate and by the critical exponents of the transition. Thus, counting solitons left in its wake should allow one to determine the critical exponents z and nu for a BEC phase transition. The same information can be extracted from two-point correlation functions.

4 pages, 3 figures, improved version to appear in PRL: scalings discussed more extensively, fitting scheme for determination of z and nu critical exponents is explained

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• Spontaneous vortices in the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates
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