Kibble-Zurek scaling in the Yang-Lee edge singularity

Abstract

We study the driven dynamics across the critical points of the Yang-Lee edge singularities (YLESes) in a finite-size quantum Ising chain with an imaginary symmetry-breaking field. In contrast to the conventional classical or quantum phase transitions, these phase transitions are induced by tuning the strength of the dissipation in a non-Hermitian system and can occur even at finite size. For conventional phase transitions, universal behaviors in driven dynamics across critical points are usually described by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, which states that the scaling in dynamics is dictated by the critical exponents associated with one critical point and topological defects will emerge after the quench. While the mechanism leading to topological defects breaks down in the YLES, we find that for small lattice size, the driven dynamics can still be described by the Kibble-Zurek scaling with the exponents determined by the $(0+1)$-dimensional YLES. For medium finite size, however, the driven dynamics can be described by the Kibble-Zurek scaling with two sets of critical exponents determined by both the $(0+1)$-dimensional and the $(1+1)$-dimensional YLESes.

4.5+3 pages, 4+8 figures; The Experimental feasibility and the discussion on the KZM in Parity-time symmetry-breaking phase transition have been added

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