Kibble-Zurek mechanism in driven-dissipative systems crossing a non-equilibrium phase transition

Abstract

The Kibble-Zurek mechanism constitutes one of the most fascinating and universal phenomena in the physics of critical systems. It describes the formation of domains and the spontaneous nucleation of topological defects when a system is driven across a phase transition exhibiting spontaneous symmetry breaking. While a characteristic dependence of the defect density on the speed at which the transition is crossed was observed in a vast range of equilibrium condensed matter systems, its extension to intrinsically driven-dissipative systems is a matter of ongoing research. In this work we numerically confirm the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a paradigmatic family of driven-dissipative quantum systems, namely exciton-polaritons in microcavities. Our findings show how the concepts of universality and critical dynamics extend to driven-dissipative systems that do not conserve energy or particle number nor satisfy a detailed balance condition.

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• Universality in driven open quantum matter
• Onset of vortex clustering and inverse energy cascade in dissipative quantum fluids
• Eigenvalue crossing as a phase transition in relaxation dynamics
• Fully quantum scalable description of driven dissipative lattice models
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• Quantifying quantum coherence in polariton condensates
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• Kibble-Zurek scaling from linear response theory