Fast TeV variability from misaligned minijets in the jet of M87

Abstract

The jet of the radio galaxy M87 is misaligned, resulting in a Doppler factor delta~1 for emission of plasma moving parallel to the jet. This makes the observed fast TeV flares on timescales of t_v~5R_g/c harder to understand as emission from the jet. In previous work, we have proposed a jets-in-a-jet model for the ultra-fast TeV flares with t_v<<R_g/c seen in Mrk 501 and PKS 2155-304. Here, we show that about half of the minijets beam their emission outside the jet cone. Minijets emitting off the jet axis result in rapidly evolving TeV (and maybe lower energy) flares that can be observed in nearby radio galaxies. The TeV flaring from M87 fits well into this picture, if M87 is a misaligned blazar.

9 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, MNRAS, accepted

References in corpus (22)

• Fast TeV variability in blazars: jets in a jet
• Stability of Relativistic Jets from Rotating, Accreting Black Holes via Fully Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
• Fast variability of TeV gamma-rays from the radio galaxy M 87
• The Black Hole Mass, Stellar M/L, and Dark Halo in M87
• Implications of very rapid TeV variability in blazars
• Radio Imaging of the Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Region in the Central Engine of a Radio Galaxy
• Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission from Centaurus A with H.E.S.S
• The role of kink instability in Poynting-flux dominated jets
• Production of TeV gamma-radiation in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole in the giant radiogalaxy M87
• Spine-sheath layer radiative interplay in subparsec-scale jets and the TeV emission from M87
• Dynamics and High Energy Emission of the Flaring HST-1 Knot in the M 87 Jet
• Superluminal Radio Features in the M87 Jet and the Site of Flaring TeV Gamma-ray Emission
• Variability Timescales in the M87 Jet: Signatures of E-Squared Losses, Discovery of a Quasi-period in HST-1, and the Site of TeV Flaring
• Observation of gamma-ray emission from the galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS
• Recollimation and Radiative Focusing of Relativistic Jets: Applications to Blazars and M87
• Kink instabilities in jets from rotating magnetic fields
• A synchrotron self-Compton scenario for the very high energy gamma-ray emission of the radiogalaxy M87
• Did Swift measure GRB prompt emission radii?
• Constraining spins of supermassive black holes from TeV variability. II. fully general relativistic calculations
• Two-dimensional MHD simulations of relativistic magnetic reconnection
• Surprising Evolution of the Parsec-scale Faraday Rotation Gradients in the Jet of the BL Lac Object B1803+784
• Decay of the toroidal field in magnetically driven jets

Cited by in corpus (120)

• Simulations of particle acceleration beyond the classical synchrotron burnoff limit in magnetic reconnection: An explanation of the Crab flares
• A Reconnection Switch to Trigger Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Dissipation
• Reconnection-driven plasmoids in blazars: fast flares on a slow envelope
• Non-thermal particle acceleration in collisionless relativistic electron-proton reconnection
• The 2010 very high energy gamma-ray flare & 10 years of multi-wavelength observations of M 87
• Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales
• Plasmoids in relativistic reconnection, from birth to adulthood: first they grow, then they go
• High-Sensitivity 86GHz (3.5mm) VLBI Observations of M87: Deep Imaging of the Jet Base at a 10 Schwarzschild-Radius Resolution
• Blazar flares powered by plasmoids in relativistic reconnection
• Relativistic magnetic reconnection in pair plasmas and its astrophysical applications
• On the origin of the gamma-ray emission from the flaring blazar PKS 1222+216
• Variable TeV emission as a manifestation of jet formation in M87?
• Magnetic Reconnection in Extreme Astrophysical Environments
• Three-dimensional relativistic pair plasma reconnection with radiative feedback in the Crab Nebula
• GRB170817A associated with GW170817: multifrequency observations and modeling of prompt gamma-ray emission
• UHECRs from magnetic reconnection in relativistic jets
• 230 GHz VLBI observations of M87: event-horizon-scale structure at the enhanced very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray state in 2012
• Radiative Properties of Reconnection-Powered Minijets in Blazars
• Variability in Blazars: Clues from PKS 2155-304
• Horizon-Scale Lepton Acceleration in Jets: Explaining the Compact Radio Emission in M87
• Constraining the Location of Gamma-Ray Flares in Luminous Blazars
• Energetic Gamma Radiation from Rapidly Rotating Black Holes
• Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission Light Curves and Power Density Spectra in the ICMART Model
• The Steady Growth of the High-Energy Spectral Cutoff in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection
• Particle acceleration in relativistic outflows
• Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection in Electron-Positron-Proton Plasmas: Implications for Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Inverse cascade of non-helical magnetic turbulence in a relativistic fluid
• Particle acceleration in astrophysical jets
• The extreme HBL behaviour of Markarian 501 during 2012
• Active galactic nuclei at gamma-ray energies
• A new mechanism for dissipation of alternating fields in Poynting dominated outflows
• Mrk 421 active state in 2008: the MAGIC view, simultaneous multi-wavelength observations and SSC model constrained
• Particle-in-cell simulations of pair discharges in a starved magnetosphere of a Kerr black hole
• Lepto-hadronic $\gamma$-ray and neutrino emission from the jet of TXS 0506+056
• GRB and blazar jets shining through their stripes
• Scenarios for ultrafast gamma-ray variability in AGN
• VERITAS Observations of day-scale flaring of M87 in 2010 April
• The minijets-in-a-jet statistical model and the RMS-flux correlation
• Crab Nebula gamma-ray flares as relativistic reconnection minijets
• Active Galactic Nuclei under the scrutiny of CTA
• Interpretation of the flares of M87 at TeV energies in the cloud-jet interaction scenario
• A strong radio brightening at the jet base of M87 during the elevated very-high-energy gamma-ray state in 2012
• Contemporaneous observations of the radio galaxy NGC 1275 from radio to very high energy gamma-rays
• The gamma-ray emission region in the FRII Radio Galaxy 3C 111
• Relativistic resistive magnetohydrodynamic reconnection and plasmoid formation in merging flux tubes
• Multiwavelength Variability Signatures of Relativistic Shocks in Blazar Jets
• Gamma-ray Flux Distribution and Non-linear behavior of Four LAT Bright AGNs
• Gamma-ray flaring activity of NGC 1275 in 2016-2017 measured by MAGIC
• Three-Dimensional Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Current-Driven Instability with A Sub-Alfvenic Jet: Temporal Properties
• Particle Injection and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection
• Unravelling the complex behavior of Mrk 421 with simultaneous X-ray and VHE observations during an extreme flaring activity in April 2013
• Monitoring of the radio galaxy M87 during a low emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC
• Investigation of the correlation patterns and the Compton dominance variability of Mrk 421 in 2017
• Radio Galaxies at VHE energies
• Kinetic turbulence in shining pair plasma: intermittent beaming and thermalization by radiative cooling
• Particle acceleration in explosive relativistic reconnection events and Crab Nebula gamma-ray flares
• Particle acceleration in explosive relativistic reconnection events and Crab Nebula gamma-ray flares
• The collimation of magnetic jets by disk winds
• MAGIC observations of the giant radio galaxy M87 in a low-emission state between 2005 and 2007
• Jet Emission in Young Radio Sources: a Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray View
• Localizing Sagittarius A* and M87 on Microarcsecond Scales with Millimeter VLBI
• Hadronic High-energy Emission from Magnetically Arrested Disks in Radio Galaxies
• Radiative Magnetic Reconnection in Astrophysics
• Rapid Gamma-ray variability of NGC 1275
• One-zone SSC model for the core emission of Centaurus A revisited
• Discovery of a FR0 radio galaxy emitting at $\gamma$-ray energies
• Multi-frequency, Multi-Epoch Study of Mrk 501: Hints for a two-component nature of the emission
• Kinetic Beaming in Radiative Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection: A Mechanism for Rapid Gamma-Ray Flares in Jets
• Hadronic-Origin orphan TeV flare from the 1ES 1959+650
• A thirteen-year-long broadband view of BL Lac
• Magnetospheric Gamma-Ray Emission in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Plasmoid statistics in relativistic magnetic reconnection
• Multi-TeV flaring from high energy blazars: An evidence of the photohadronic process
• Application of Jitter Radiation: Gamma-ray Burst Prompt Polarization
• Kepler Photometry of Four Radio-Loud AGN in 2010-2012
• Comparing 3C 120 jet emission at small and large scales
• On the magnetisation and the radiative efficiency of BL Lac jets
• An HLLC Riemann Solver for Resistive Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
• Implications for the structure of the relativistic jet from multiwavelength observations of NGC 6251
• Multi-TeV flaring from blazars: Markarian 421 a case study
• The complex gamma-ray behaviour of the Radio Galaxy M87
• Probing the central black hole in M87 with gamma-rays
• An anisotropic minijets model for the GRB prompt emission
• Studies of active galactic nuclei with CTA
• Numerical Analysis of Long-term Variability of AGN Jets through RMHD Simulations
• Modeling the time variable spectral energy distribution of the blazar CTA 102 from 2008 to 2022
• TeV blazar variability: the firehose instability?
• Internal gamma gamma-opacity in Active Galactic Nuclei and the consequences for the TeV observations of M87 and Cen A
• A numerical study of long-term multi-wavelength blazar variability
• Extremely High energy peaked BL Lac nature of the TeV blazar Mrk 501
• On the nature of Fast Blue Optical Transients
• A general relativistic external Compton-scattering model for TeV emission from M87
• Detection of very high-energy gamma-ray emission from the radio galaxy M87 with LHAASO
• Long-term multi-band photometric monitoring of Mrk 501
• The characterization of the distant blazar GB6 J1239+0443 from flaring and low activity periods
• The observability of plasmoid-powered $\gamma$-ray flares with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• An Explanation for 13 consecutive days activities of Mrk 421
• Searching for High Energy, Horizon-scale Emissions from Galactic Black Hole Transients during Quiescence
• Jitter Self-Compton Process: GeV Emission of GRB 100728A
• Toy model for the acceleration of blazar jets
• Very High-energy Gamma-Ray Episodic Activity of Radio Galaxy NGC 1275 in 2022-2023 Measured with MACE
• Is Fermi 1544-0649 a misaligned blazar? discovering the jet structure with VLBI
• Quantitative comparisons of VHE gamma-ray blazar flares with relativistic reconnection models
• Black Hole Lightning from the Peculiar Gamma-Ray Loud Active Galactic Nucleus IC 310
• Multi-epoch study of the gamma-ray emission within the M87 magnetosphere model
• A numerical study on the role of instabilities on multi-wavelength emission signatures of blazar jets
• TeV afterglow from GRB 221009A: photohadronic origin?
• A 2.5-dimensional viscous, resistive, advective magnetized accretion-outflow coupling in black hole systems: A higher order polynomial approximation. I
• Particle injection in three-dimensional relativistic magnetic reconnection
• Redshift constrain of BL Lac PKS 1424+240
• Constraining the redshift of BL Lac VER J0521+211
• Gamma-ray emission in radio galaxies, from MeV to TeV
• Relativistic jets at high energies
• Study of Intra-Day Flux Distributions of Blazars Using XMM-Newton Satellite
• Disk evolution of the M87's nucleus observed in 2008
• Progress in Multiwavelength and Multi-Messenger Observations of Blazars and Theoretical Challenges
• JD6 - The Connection between Radio Properties and High Energy Emission in AGNs
• A strong radio brightening at the jet base of M87 during the elevated very-high-energy gamma-ray state in 2012
• Is PKS 0625-354 another variable TeV active galactic nucleus?
• A New Gamma-ray Emitting Population of FR0 Radio Galaxies