Nuclear multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei

Abstract

This review article is focused on the tremendous progress realized during the last fifteen years in the understanding of multifragmentation and its relationship to the liquid-gas phase diagram of nuclei and nuclear matter. The explosion of the whole nucleus, early predicted by Bohr [N. Bohr, Nature 137 (1936) 351], is a very complex and rich subject which continues to fascinate nuclear physicists as well as theoreticians who extend the thermodynamics of phase transitions to finite systems.

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• Break-up fragments excitation and the freeze-out volume
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• Decay of excited nuclei produced in ${}^{78,82}$Kr + ${}^{40}$Ca reactions at 5.5 MeV/nucleon
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• Bimodal behavior of the heaviest fragment distribution in projectile fragmentation
• The statistical multifragmentation model for liquid-gas phase transition with a compressible nuclear liquid
• Constraining the Symmetry Term in the Nuclear Equation of State at Sub-Saturation Densities and Finite Temperatures
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• Isospin diffusion in semi-peripheral ${}^{58}Ni$ + ${}^{197}Au$ collisions at intermediate energies (II): Dynamical simulations
• Pygmy and Giant Dipole Resonances by Coulomb Excitation using a Quantum Molecular Dynamics model
• Frustrated fragmentation and re-aggregation in nuclei: a non-equilibrium description in spallation
• Symmetry Energy Effects on Fusion Cross Sections
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• Shear viscosity of hot nuclear matter by the mean free path method
• A novel determination of density, temperature and symmetry energy for nuclear multi-fragmentation through primary fragment yield reconstruction
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• Dynamical properties and secondary decay effects of projectile fragmentation in 107,124Sn + 120Sn collisions at 600 MeV/nucleon
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• Investigation of collective radial expansion and stopping in heavy ion collisions at Fermi energies
• Experimental reconstruction of primary hot isotopes and characteristic properties of the fragmenting source in the heavy ion reactions near the Fermi energy
• Primary Isotope Yields and Characteristic Properties of the Fragmenting Source in Heavy-ion Reactions near the Fermi Energies
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• Contribution of isovector mesons to the symmetry energy in a microscopic model
• Determining impact parameters of heavy-ion collisions at low-intermediate incident energies using deep learning with convolutional neural network
• Studies of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter by heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energy in the multi-messenger era
• Constrained caloric curves and phase transition for hot nuclei
• Heavy-ion Collisions: Direct and indirect probes of the density and temperature dependence of Esym
• Finite-size scaling phenomenon of nuclear liquid--gas phase transition probes
• Correlation between elliptic flow and shear viscosity in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Bimodality and Coulomb effects with a canonical thermodynamic model
• Further studies of multiplicity derivative in models of heavy ion collision at intermediate energies as a probe for phase transition
• Mean free path and shear viscosity in central ${}^{129}$Xe+${}^{119}$Sn collisions below 100 MeV/nucleon
• First-order derivative of cluster size as a new signature of phase transition in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Evolution of the statistical disintegration of finite nuclei toward high energy
• The elusiveness of multifragmentation footprints in 1-GeV proton-nucleus reactions
• Nuclear multifragmentation time-scale and fluctuations of largest fragment size
• Inhomogeneity growth in two-component fermionic systems
• Reconstructed primary fragments and symmetry energy, temperature and density of the fragmenting source in ${}^{64}$Zn + ${}^{112}$Sn at 40 MeV/nucleon
• Ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density in multifragmentation of Au + Au
• Sensitivity study of experimental measures for the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition in the statistical multifragmentation model
• Latent heat of nuclear matter
• Effect of initial-state geometric configurations on the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition
• Exotic break-up modes in heavy ion reactions at low energies
• Pairing effects on neutrino transport in low-density stellar matter
• Analysis of nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies and Random Matrix Theory
• New scalings in nuclear fragmentation
• Effects of finite size and symmetry energy on the phase transition of stellar matter at subnuclear densities
• Pairing effects on spinodal decomposition of asymmetric nuclear matter
• Improvement on Fermionic properties and new isotope production in molecular dynamics simulations
• Dynamical description of heavy-ion collisions at Fermi energies
• Fragments' internal and kinetic temperatures in the framework of a Nuclear Statistical Multifragmentation Model
• Statistical analysis of experimental multifragmentation events in ${}^{64}$Zn + ${}^{112}$Sn at 40 MeV/nucleon
• Coulomb chronometry to probe the decay mechanism of hot nuclei
• Influence of the density of states on the odd-even staggering in the charge distribution of the emitted fragments
• Temperature and density effects on the two-nucleon momentum correlation function from excited single nuclei
• Dynamical and many-body correlation effects in the kinetic energy spectra of isotopes produced in nuclear multifragmentation
• Understand the thermometry of hot nuclei from the energy spectra of light charged particles
• Liquid gas phase transition in hypernuclei
• High Energy Hadron Production as Self-Organized Criticality
• Covariance analysis of finite temperature density functional theory: symmetric nuclear matter
• Effect of liquid drop model parameters on nuclear liquid gas phase transition
• Spinodal instability growth in new stochastic approaches
• Investigation of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition in the static AMD
• Statistical approach of nuclear multifragmentation with realistic nuclear equation of state
• Post breakup dynamics of fragments produced in nuclear multifragmentation
• The behaviour of constrained caloric curves as ultimate signature of a phase transition for hot nuclei
• The prominent role of the heaviest fragment in multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei
• Status and performances of the FAZIA project
• Effect of hyperons on phase coexistence in strange matter
• Many-particle correlations and Coulomb effects on temperatures from fragment momentum fluctuations
• Isotopic dependence of the fragments' internal temperatures observed in multifragment emission
• Isobar correlations bearing information on the properties of hot disassembling nuclear sources
• Negative heat capacity for hot nuclei using formulation from the microcanonical ensemble INDRA Collaboration
• Isospin Diffusion in ${}^{58}$Ni-Induced Reactions at Intermediate Energies
• General Chaotic Behaviors of Heavy ion Collisions at Intermediate Energy Based on Dynamical Transport Model
• Pseudo-critical clusterization in nuclear multifragmentation
• Break-up fragment topology in statistical multifragmentation models
• Transport Model Comparison Studies of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Common Approaches in Description of Ordinary Liquids and Hadronic Matter
• Intermediate Mass Fragment Emission in ${}^{32}$S +${}^{51}$V, ${}^{109}$Ag, and ${}^{238}$U Collisions at E~=~31.6~MeV~A
• Sequential fissions of heavy nuclear systems