Comparison of mid-velocity fragment formation with projectile-like decay

Abstract

The characteristics of intermediate mass fragments (IMFs: 3<=Z<=20) produced in mid-peripheral and central collisions are compared. We compare IMFs detected at mid-velocity with those evaporated from the excited projectile-like fragment (PLF*). On average, the IMFs produced at mid-velocity are larger in atomic number, exhibit broader transverse velocity distributions, and are more neutron-rich as compared to IMFs evaporated from the PLF*. In contrast, comparison of mid-velocity fragments associated with mid-peripheral and central collisions reveals that their characteristics are remarkably similar despite the difference in impact parameter. The characteristics of mid-velocity fragments are consistent with low-density formation of the fragments. Neutron deficient isotopes of even Z elements manifest higher kinetic energies than heavier isotopes of the same element for both PLF* and mid-velocity emission. This result may be due to the decay of long-lived excited states in the field of the emitting system.

arXiv comment13 pages, 15 figures

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• Liquid-Gas phase transition in nuclei
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• Particle and light fragment emission in peripheral heavy ion collisions at Fermi energies
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• Tidal effects and the Proximity decay of nuclei
• Retardation of Particle Evaporation from Excited Nuclear Systems Due to Thermal Expansion
• Cooling Dynamics in Multi-fragmentation processes
• Revisit to the yield ratio of triton and ${}^3$He as an indicator of neutron-rich neck emission