Observation of Superfluidity of Polaritons in Semiconductor Microcavities
arXiv:0812.2748 · doi:10.1038/nphys1364
Abstract
One of the most striking manifestations of quantum coherence in interacting boson systems is superfluidity. Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities are two-dimensional composite bosons predicted to behave as particular quantum fluids. We report the observation of superfluid motion of polaritons created by a laser in a semiconductor microcavity. Superfluidity is investigated in terms of the Landau criterion and manifests itself as the suppression of scattering from defects when the flow velocity is slower than the speed of sound in the fluid. On the other hand, a Cerenkov-like wake pattern is clearly observed when the flow velocity exceeds the speed of sound. The experimental findings are in excellent quantitative agreement with the predictions based on a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii theory, showing that polaritons in microcavities constitute a very rich system for exploring the physics of non-equilibrium quantum fluids.
14 pages, 3 figures
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Cited by in corpus (195)
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- Exciton-polariton condensates
- Single photons from coupled quantum modes
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- Superfluid behaviour of a two-dimensional Bose gas
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- Polaritonic Feshbach Resonance
- Dynamics and stability of dark solitons in exciton-polariton condensates
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- Hydrodynamic nucleation of vortices and solitons in a resonantly excited polariton superfluid
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- Ultrafast control of Rabi oscillations in a polariton condensate
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- Observing the Drop of Resistance in the Flow of a Superfluid Fermi Gas
- Control and ultrafast dynamics of a two-fluid polariton switch
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- Optomechanical signature of a frictionless flow of superfluid light
- Spontaneous and Superfluid Chiral Edge States in Exciton-Polariton Condensates
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- Electrical switching of a chiral lasing from polariton condensate in a Rashba-Dresselhaus regime
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- Experimental observation of turbulent coherent structures in a superfluid of light
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- Direct Nano-Imaging of Light-Matter Interactions in Nanoscale Excitonic Emitters
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- Controlled preparation of phases in two-dimensional time crystals
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- Microscopic theory of polariton-polariton interactions
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- Local temperature control of magnon frequency and direction of supercurrents in a magnon Bose-Einstein condensate
- Quest for Vortices in Photon Condensates
- A generalized Gross-Pitaevskii model for intersubband polariton lasing
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- Stability Window of Trapless Polariton Bose-Einstein condensates
- Stationary waves in a superfluid gas of electron-hole pairs in bilayers
- Dynamics of Onsager vortex clustering in decaying turbulent polariton quantum fluids
- Paraxial fluids of light
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- High-temperature tunable superfluidity of polaritons in Xene monolayers in an optical microcavity
- Topologically tunable polaritons based on two-dimensional crystals in a photonic lattice
- Controllable Bistability and Squeezing of Confined Polariton Dark Solitons
- Quantum coherence of a long-lifetime exciton-polariton condensate
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- Direct Measurement of a Non-Hermitian Topological Invariant in a Hybrid Light-Matter System
- How to exploit driving and dissipation to stabilize and manipulate quantum many-body states
- Nonlinear emission dynamics of a GaAs microcavity with embedded quantum wells
- Metamorphoses of the flow past an obstacle of a resonantly-driven bistable polariton fluid
- Theory of hydrodynamic phenomena in optical mesh lattices
- Superfluidity vs prethermalisation in a nonlinear Floquet system
- Non-linear-enabled localization in driven-dissipative photonic lattices
- Microcavity polaritons for topological photonics
- Exciton-polariton solitons in a semiconductor microwire of finite size
- Probing the collective excitations of a spinor polariton fluid
- Localization engineering by resonant driving in dissipative polariton arrays
- Stationary transport above the critical velocity in a one-dimensional superflow past an obstacle
- Nonequilibrium Nonlinear Effects and Dynamical Boson Condensation in a Driven-Dissipative Wannier-Stark Lattice
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- Discrete chiral ballistic polariton laser
- Quantum hydrodynamics of a polariton fluid: pure energy relaxation terms
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- Enhanced Cavity Optomechanics with Quantum-well Exciton Polaritons
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- Paraxial fluid of light in hot atomic vapors
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