Superfluidity of Light and its Break-Down in Optical Mesh Lattices

Abstract

Hydrodynamic phenomena can be observed with light thanks to the analogy between quantum gases and nonlinear optics. In this Letter, we report an experimental study of the superfluid-like properties of light in a (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear optical mesh lattice, where the arrival time of optical pulses plays the role of a synthetic spatial dimension. A spatially narrow defect at rest is used to excite sound waves in the fluid of light and measure the sound speed. The critical velocity for superfluidity is probed by looking at the threshold in the deposited energy by a moving defect, above which the apparent superfluid behaviour breaks down. Our observations establish optical mesh lattices as a promising platform to study fluids of light in novel regimes of interdisciplinary interest, including non-Hermitian and/or topological physics.

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• A comprehensive review on developments of synthetic dimensions
• Edge-dependent anomalous topology in synthetic photonic lattices subject to discrete step walks
• Spin and Density Modes in a Binary Fluid of Light
• Wave manipulation via delay-engineered periodic potentials
• Curved vortex surfaces in four-dimensional superfluids: I. Unequal-frequency double rotations
• Curved vortex surfaces in four-dimensional superfluids: II. Equal-frequency double rotations
• Theory of hydrodynamic phenomena in optical mesh lattices