Color superconductivity in dense quark matter
arXiv:0709.4635 · doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.80.1455
Abstract
Matter at high density and low temperature is expected to be a color superconductor, which is a degenerate Fermi gas of quarks with a condensate of Cooper pairs near the Fermi surface that induces color Meissner effects. At the highest densities, where the QCD coupling is weak, rigorous calculations are possible, and the ground state is a particularly symmetric state, the color-flavor locked (CFL) phase. The CFL phase is a superfluid, an electromagnetic insulator, and breaks chiral symmetry. The effective theory of the low-energy excitations in the CFL phase is known and can be used, even at more moderate densities, to describe its physical properties. At lower densities the CFL phase may be disfavored by stresses that seek to separate the Fermi surfaces of the different flavors, and comparison with the competing alternative phases, which may break translation and/or rotation invariance, is done using phenomenological models. We review the calculations that underlie these results, and then discuss transport properties of several color-superconducting phases and their consequences for signatures of color superconductivity in neutron stars.
63 pages, v2: version to appear in Rev. Mod. Phys.; references added; small improvements at various points
References in corpus (40)
- Neutron Star Observations: Prognosis for Equation of State Constraints
- Tests of general relativity from timing the double pulsar
- Maximum elastic deformations of compact stars with exotic equations of state
- Upper limits on gravitational wave emission from 78 radio pulsars
- Two lectures on color superconductivity
- Color-flavor locked superconductor in a magnetic field
- Chromomagnetic instability in dense quark matter
- Phase diagram of a cold polarized Fermi gas
- Color superconducting matter in a magnetic field
- The Strange Star Surface: A Crust with Nuggets
- Phase structure, collective modes, and the axial anomaly in dense QCD
- Effective Lagrangian and Topological Interactions in Supersolids
- Magnetic Phases in Three-Flavor Color Superconductivity
- The rigidity of crystalline color superconducting quark matter
- Bulk viscosity of superfluid neutron stars
- Hybrid stars within a covariant, nonlocal chiral quark model
- Bulk viscosity of strange quark matter: Urca versus non-leptonic processes
- Bulk viscosity due to kaons in color-flavor-locked quark matter
- Magnetar oscillations pose challenges for strange stars
- Bulk viscosity in a cold CFL superfluid
- Chromomagnetic Instability and Induced Magnetic Field in Neutral Two-Flavor Color Superconductivity
- On the unlocking of color and flavor in color-superconducting quark matter
- Constraining crystalline color superconducting quark matter with gravitational-wave data
- Bound diquarks and their Bose-Einstein condensation in strongly coupled quark matter
- Color-spin locking in a self-consistent Dyson-Schwinger approach
- Effects of a multi-quark interaction on color superconducting phase transition in an extended NJL model
- Critical temperature for kaon condensation in color-flavor locked quark matter
- Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell state in two-color quark matter
- Bulk viscosity in kaon condensed matter
- Mass spectrum of diquarks and mesons in the color--flavor locked phase of dense quark matter
- Goldstone boson currents in a kaon condensed CFL phase
- Gluonic phases, vector condensates, and exotic hadrons in dense QCD
- Pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase at moderate densities
- Baryon number conservation and enforced electric charge neutrality for bulk viscosity in quark matter
- Diquarks in the color--flavor locked phase of dense quark matter
- Chromomagnetic instability in two-flavor quark matter at nonzero temperature
- On the ground state of gapless two flavor color superconductors
- Superfluid and Pseudo-Goldstone Modes in Three Flavor Crystalline Color Superconductivity
- Gluonic phases and phase diagram in neutral two flavor dense QCD
- Spin-one Color Superconductivity in Cold and Dense Quark Matter
Cited by in corpus (35)
- Axial anomaly and magnetism of nuclear and quark matter
- Electrically Charged Strange Quark Stars
- A Polytropic Model of Quark Stars
- Heavy-Light Fermion Mixtures at Unitarity
- Chiral asymmetry of the Fermi surface in dense relativistic matter in a magnetic field
- Chiral Lagrangian and spectral sum rules for dense two-color QCD
- Quantum phase diagram of fermion mixtures with population imbalance in one-dimensional optical lattices
- On the oscillations of dissipative superfluid neutron stars
- Lepton effects on the proto-neutron stars with the hadron-quark mixed phase in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
- Dense QCD in a Finite Volume
- Vector interaction, charge neutrality and multiple chiral critical point structures
- Meson supercurrents and the Meissner effect in the Sakai-Sugimoto model
- Gravitational radiation from crystalline color-superconducting hybrid stars
- Casimir interaction among heavy fermions in the BCS-BEC crossover
- The relativistic entrainment matrix of a superfluid nucleon-hyperon mixture. II. Effect of finite temperatures
- Number of the QCD critical points with neutral color superconductivity
- Mutual friction in a cold color flavor locked superfluid and r-mode instabilities in compact stars
- Meson-Nucleon Coupling from AdS/QCD
- Color neutrality effects in the phase diagram of the PNJL model
- The Phase Diagram of Strongly-Interacting Matter
- Correlations among discontinuities in QCD phase diagram
- Nonperturbative Yukawa theory at finite density and temperature
- Strangeness Enhancement: Challenges and Successes
- Signature of deconfinement with spin down compression in cooling hybrid stars
- Gravitational catalysis of chiral and color symmetry breaking of quark matter in hyperbolic space
- Spin dependent Fermi Liquid parameters and properties of polarized quark matter
- Thomas-Fermi Statistical Models of Finite Quark Matter
- Impact of Strange Quark Matter Nuggets on Pycnonuclear Reaction Rates in the Crusts of Neutron Stars
- Mass and chemical asymmetry in QCD matter
- PT Symmetry and QCD: Finite Temperature and Density
- Charges on Strange Quark Nuggets in Space
- Strangeness in Relativistic Astrophysics
- Mesons and diquarks in the CFL phase of dense quark matter
- Hydrodynamics of the CFL superfluid
- Theoretical Perspectives: XLIII Rencontres de Moriond - QCD