Gravitational radiation from crystalline color-superconducting hybrid stars

Abstract

The interiors of high mass compact (neutron) stars may contain deconfined quark matter in a crystalline color superconducting (CCS) state. On a basis of microscopic nuclear and quark matter equations of states we explore the internal structure of such stars in general relativity. We find that their stable sequence harbors CCS quark cores with masses M_core \le (0.78-0.82)M_{sun} and radii R_core \le 7 km. The CCS quark matter can support nonaxisymmetric deformations, because of its finite shear modulus, and can generate gravitational radiation at twice the rotation frequency of the star. Assuming that the CCS core is maximally strained we compute the maximal quadrupole moment it can sustain. The characteristic strain of gravitational wave emission $h_0$ predicted by our models are compared to the upper limits obtained by the LIGO and GEO 600 detectors. The upper limits are consistent with the breaking strain of CCS matter σ\le 10^{-4} and large pairing gaps Δ\sim 50 MeV, or, alternatively, with σ\sim 10^{-3} and small pairing gaps Δ\sim 15 MeV. An observationally determined value of the characteristic strain h_0 can pin down the product σΔ^2. On the theoretical side a better understanding of the breaking strain of CCS matter will be needed to predict reliably the level of the deformation of CCS quark core from first principles.

v1: 8 pages, 9 figures, uses RevTeX; v2: Crab pulsar's upper limit updated, minor changes, published version

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Cited by in corpus (6)

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• Phase diagram of chiral quark matter: Fulde-Ferrell pairing from weak to strong coupling
• Probing hybrid stars with gravitational waves via interfacial modes
• Effect of strong magnetic field on competing order parameters in two-flavor dense quark matter
• Measuring neutron-star distances and properties with gravitational-wave parallax
• Phase diagram of chiral quark matter: color and electrically neutral Fulde-Ferrell phase