Rapid cooling of the compact star in Cassiopea A as a phase transition in dense QCD

Abstract

We present a model of the compact star in Cassiopea A that accounts for its unusually fast cooling behavior. This feature is interpreted as an enhancement in the neutrino emission triggered by a transition from a fully gapped, two-flavor, color-superconducting phase to a crystalline phase or an alternative gapless, color-superconducting phase. By fine-tuning a single parameter -- the temperature of this transition -- a specific cooling scenario can be selected that fits the Cas A data. Such a scenario requires a massive $M\sim 2M_{\odot }$ star and is, therefore, distinctive from models invoking canonical 1.4 $M_{\odot }$ mass star with nucleonic pairing alone.

5 pages, 3 figures, v2 and v3: minor changes, matches the version publised in A & A Letters

References in corpus (15)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
• Rapid Cooling of the Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A Triggered by Neutron Superfluidity in Dense Matter
• Modern compact star observations and the quark matter equation of state
• The Crystallography of Three-Flavor Quark Matter
• The rigidity of crystalline color superconducting quark matter
• Equilibrium sequences of non rotating and rapidly rotating crystalline color superconducting hybrid stars
• Neutrino emission from compact stars and inhomogeneous color superconductivity
• Gravitational radiation from crystalline color-superconducting hybrid stars
• Phase diagram of chiral quark matter: Fulde-Ferrell pairing from weak to strong coupling
• Nonlocality effects on Color Spin Locking condensates
• Gapless phases of color-superconducting matter
• On the ground state of gapless two flavor color superconductors
• Phase diagram of chiral quark matter: color and electrically neutral Fulde-Ferrell phase
• Spin-one color superconductivity in compact stars?- an analysis within NJL-type models

Cited by in corpus (41)

• Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
• Do hyperons exist in the interior of neutron stars ?
• Implications of the measurement of pulsars with two solar masses for quark matter in compact stars and HIC. A NJL model case study
• Axion cooling of neutron stars
• Tests of the nuclear equation of state and superfluid and superconducting gaps using the Cassiopeia A neutron star
• Limit on the Axion Decay Constant from the Cooling Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A
• Measuring the Cooling of the Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A with all Chandra X-ray Observatory Detectors
• Constraints on Axion-like Particles and Nucleon Pairing in Dense Matter from the Hot Neutron Star in HESS J1731-347
• Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars
• Nuclear Equation of state for Compact Stars and Supernovae
• EMMI Rapid Reaction Task Force Meeting on 'Quark Matter in Compact Star'
• Nuclear medium cooling scenario in the light of new Cas A cooling data and the 2 M_sun pulsar mass measurements
• Diffusive nuclear burning in cooling simulations and application to new temperature data of the Cassiopeia A neutron star
• Superfluid phases of triplet pairing and rapid cooling of the neutron star in Cassiopeia A
• The cooling of the Cassiopeia A neutron star as a probe of the nuclear symmetry energy and nuclear pasta
• Influence of the stiffness of the equation of state and in-medium effects on the cooling of compact stars
• Cassiopeia A and direct URCA cooling
• Role of nucleonic Fermi surface depletion in neutron star cooling
• Is the compact object associated with HESS J1731-347 a strange quark star?
• X-ray bounds on cooling, composition, and magnetic field of the Cassiopeia A neutron star and young central compact objects
• Cooling of hypernuclear compact stars: Hartree-Fock models and high-density pairing
• Dynamical phase transition in neutron stars
• Model-independent constraints on superfluidity from the cooling neutron star in Cassiopeia A
• Self-similarity relations for cooling superfluid neutron stars
• Constraints on neutron star superfluidity from the cooling neutron star in Cassiopeia A using all Chandra ACIS-S observations
• Cooling compact stars and phase transitions in dense QCD
• Phase transition in compact stars due to a violent shock
• Cooling of hybrid neutron stars with microscopic equations of state
• Neutrino emissivity from Goldstone boson decay in magnetized neutron matter
• Role of nucleon-nucleon correlation in transport coefficients and gravitational-wave-driven $r$-mode instability of neutron stars
• Neutrino emissivities and bulk viscosity in neutral two-flavor quark matter
• Isospin dependence of entrainment in superfluid neutron stars in a relativistic model
• Hybrid cooling of the Cassiopeia A neutron star
• Effect of magnetic field on the burning of a neutron star
• Impact of Multiple Phase Transitions in Dense QCD on Compact Stars
• Slowly rotating superfluid neutron stars with isospin dependent entrainment in a two-fluid model
• Exploring phases of dense QCD with compact stars
• Pairing effects in nuclear pasta phase within the relativistic Thomas-Fermi formalism
• Neutron star cooling within the equation of state with induced surface tension
• Neutron star cooling with a dynamic stellar structure
• Axion Emission from Proton Cooper Pairs in Neutron Stars