k_T factorization is violated in production of high-transverse-momentum particles in hadron-hadron collisions

Abstract

We show that hard-scattering factorization is violated in the production of high-p_T hadrons in hadron-hadron collisions, in the case that the hadrons are back-to-back, so that k_T factorization is to be used. The explicit counterexample that we construct is for the single-spin asymmetry with one beam transversely polarized. The Sivers function needed here has particular sensitivity to the Wilson lines in the parton densities. We use a greatly simplified model theory to make the breakdown of factorization easy to check explicitly. But the counterexample implies that standard arguments for factorization fail not just for the single-spin asymmetry but for the unpolarized cross section for back-to-back hadron production in QCD in hadron-hadron collisions. This is unlike corresponding cases in e^+e^- annihilation, Drell-Yan, and deeply inelastic scattering. Moreover, the result endangers factorization for more general hadroproduction processes.

arXiv comment10 pages. V. 2: Title change, misprints and minor corrections, as in journal version

References in corpus (23)

• Leading-twist Single-transverse-spin asymmetries: Drell-Yan and Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• JaxoDraw: A graphical user interface for drawing Feynman diagrams
• Final-State Interactions and Single-Spin Asymmetries in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Final state interactions and gauge invariant parton distributions
• Tevatron Run-1 Z Boson Data and Collins-Soper-Sterman Resummation Formalism
• Universality of soft and collinear factors in hard-scattering factorization
• Initial-State Interactions and Single-Spin Asymmetries in Drell-Yan Processes
• Cross Sections and Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in Forward Neutral-Pion Production from Proton Collisions at \sqrt{s} = 200 GeV
• The Construction of Gauge-Links in Arbitrary Hard Processes
• Structure Functions are not Parton Probabilities
• Measurement of Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries for Mid-rapidity Production of Neutral Pions and Charged Hadrons in Polarized p+p Collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV
• Fragmentation, NRQCD and NNLO Factorization Analysis in Heavy Quarkonium Production
• Gauge Link Structure in Quark-Quark Correlators in hard processes
• High-Energy QCD and Wilson Lines
• What exactly is a parton density?
• Single spin asymmetries in hadron-hadron collisions
• Observation of Diffractive W Boson Production at the Tevatron
• Tests of QCD Factorisation in the Diffractive Production of Dijets in Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Photoproduction at HERA
• Phenomenology of multiple parton radiation in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
• Energy losses in the black disc regime and correlation effects in the STAR forward pion production in dAu collisions
• Single spin asymmetries and gauge invariance in hard scattering processes
• Absence of shadowing in Drell-Yan production at finite transverse momentum exchange
• Colour Modification of Effective T-odd Distributions

Cited by in corpus (150)

• QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories: challenges and perspectives
• Universality of Unintegrated Gluon Distributions at small x
• TMD Parton Distribution and Fragmentation Functions with QCD Evolution
• Observation of the Naive-T-odd Sivers Effect in Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• No Generalized TMD-Factorization in the Hadro-Production of High Transverse Momentum Hadrons
• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• Nonperturbative QCD Coupling and its $\beta$ function from Light-Front Holography
• Distribution Functions of the Nucleon and Pion in the Valence Region
• QCD transverse-momentum resummation in gluon fusion processes
• kt-factorization for Hard Processes in Nuclei
• Standard Model Physics and the Digital Quantum Revolution: Thoughts about the Interface
• Forward Neutral Pion Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries in p+p Collisions at \sqrt{s}=200 GeV
• On the mechanisms of heavy-quarkonium hadroproduction
• Space-like (vs. time-like) collinear limits in QCD: is factorization violated?
• A theory of jet shapes and cross sections: from hadrons to nuclei
• Fully Unintegrated Parton Correlation Functions and Factorization in Lowest Order Hard Scattering
• Forward di-jet production in p+Pb collisions in the small-x improved TMD factorization framework
• Inclusive jet spectrum for small-radius jets
• Transverse-momentum resummation for heavy-quark hadroproduction
• Accessing the Transverse Dynamics and Polarization of Gluons inside the Proton at the LHC
• Hadron structure in high-energy collisions
• Polarized gluon studies with charmonium and bottomonium at LHCb and AFTER
• Transverse-momentum-dependent gluon distributions from JIMWLK evolution
• Lepton-jet Correlations in Deep Inelastic Scattering at the Electron-Ion Collider
• Top quark pair production at small transverse momentum in hadronic collisions
• Probing Gluonic Spin-Orbit Correlations in Photon Pair Production
• Novel Phenomenology of Parton Distributions from the Drell-Yan Process
• Angular dependences in inclusive two-hadron production at BELLE
• Linearly-polarized small-x gluons in forward heavy-quark pair production
• $J/\psi$ production and suppression in high energy proton-nucleus collisions
• Non-universality of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions
• Probing Transverse Momentum Broadening via Dihadron and Hadron-jet Angular Correlations in Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions
• The Transverse Energy-Energy Correlator in the Back-to-Back Limit
• Soft Gluon Resummations in Dijet Azimuthal Angular Correlations at the Collider
• Collins azimuthal asymmetries of hadron production inside jets
• Revisiting scaling properties of medium-induced gluon radiation
• Heavy Quarkonium Production in Single Transverse Polarized High Energy Scattering
• Azimuthal asymmetries for quark pair production in pA collisions
• An Overview of Transverse Momentum Dependent Factorization and Evolution
• Test the time-reversal modified universality of the Sivers function
• Implication of the overlap representation for modelling generalized parton distributions
• Proper TMD factorization for quarkonia production: $pp\to {\eta }_{c,b}$ as a study case
• Process dependent Sivers function and implications for single spin asymmetry in inclusive hadron production
• Hadronic Dijet Imbalance and Transverse-Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions
• Transverse Momentum Resummation for Dijet Correlation in Hadronic Collisions
• General Helicity Formalism for Polarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Azimuthal asymmetries for hadron distributions inside a jet in hadronic collisions
• Possible resolution of the B -> pi pi, pi K puzzles
• Dijet imbalance in hadronic collisions
• On the Dihadron Angular Correlations in Forward $pA$ collisions
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Hadronic Dijet Production
• Inclusive production of a heavy-light dijet system in hybrid high-energy and collinear factorization
• Lepton-jet Correlation in Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Drell-Yan process with jet vetoes: breaking of generalized factorization
• Azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries of inclusive jets and charged pions within jets from polarized-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=500$ GeV
• Quark Wigner distributions in a light-cone spectator model
• Studies of gluon TMDs and their evolution using quarkonium-pair production at the LHC
• Recoil-free azimuthal angle for precision boson-jet correlation
• Puzzles in Hadronic Physics and Novel Quantum Chromodynamics Phenomenology
• Extra Spin Asymmetries From the Breakdown of TMD-Factorization in Hadron-Hadron Collisions
• TMD gluon distributions at small x in the CGC theory
• Testing the process dependence of the Sivers function via hadron distributions inside a jet
• Single-Spin Asymmetries in Semi-inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering and Drell-Yan Processes
• Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distribution/Fragmentation Functions at an Electron-Ion Collider
• Where do we stand with a 3-D picture of the proton?
• Gluon TMDs in quarkonium production
• Non-Universality of Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions at Small-x
• Low Transverse Momentum Heavy Quark Pair Production to Probe Gluon Tomography
• Testing the universality of the Collins function in pion-jet production at RHIC
• Factorization Violation and Scale Invariance
• Transverse momentum broadening of vector boson production in high energy nuclear collisions
• Comparison of improved TMD and CGC frameworks in forward quark dijet production
• Collins Asymmetry at Hadron Colliders
• Glauber gluons in spectator amplitudes for $B\to \pi M$ decays
• Z and W production associated with quark-antiquark pair in k_T-factorization at the LHC
• Wilson lines in transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions with spin degrees of freedom
• On the understanding and use of "unintegrated" parton distributions in small-x QCD
• Soft-Gluon Cancellation, Phases and Factorization with Initial-State Partons
• 2-soft-gluon exchange and factorization breaking
• Heavy flavor production in high-energy $pp$ collisions: color dipole description
• Spin asymmetries in jet-hyperon production at LHC
• Dynamic versus Static Hadronic Structure Functions
• Next-to-Leading Order Hard Scattering Using Fully Unintegrated Parton Distribution Functions
• Shock Treatment: Heavy Quark Drag in a Novel AdS Geometry
• The Sivers Asymmetry in Hadronic Dijet Production
• Initial and Final State Interaction Effects in Small-x Quark Distributions
• Final state interactions in single- and multi-particle inclusive cross sections for hadronic collisions
• Azimuthal asymmetries in lepton-pair production at a fixed-target experiment using the LHC beams (AFTER)
• Quark-gluon correlation functions relevant to single transverse spin asymmetries
• Back-to-back azimuthal correlations in Z+jet events at high transverse momentum in the TMD parton branching method at next-to-leading order
• T-odd effects in photon-jet production at the Tevatron
• A new approach to semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering with QED and QCD factorization
• Prospects for quarkonium studies at the high-luminosity LHC
• Energy evolution of T-odd gluon TMDs at small $x$
• Transverse-momentum-dependent wave functions with Glauber gluons in $B\to \pi \pi$, $\rho \rho$ decays
• Azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries of inclusive jets and identified hadrons within jets from polarized $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV
• Coordinate-space picture and $x\to 1$ singularities at fixed $k_{\perp }$
• Azimuthal correlations of high transverse momentum jets at next-to-leading order in the parton branching method
• Collinear functions for QCD resummations
• QCD resummation of dijet azimuthal decorrelations in pp and pA collisions
• Probing the longitudinal spin transfer via dihadron polarization correlations in unpolarized $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ and $pp$ collisions
• QCD Factorization for Quarkonium Production in Hadron Collions at Low Transverse Momentum
• Nonperturbative-transverse-momentum effects and evolution in dihadron and direct photon-hadron angular correlations in $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=510 GeV
• A new and complete proof of the Landau condition for pinch singularities of Feynman graphs and other integrals
• Three jet production and gluon saturation effects in p-p and p-Pb collisions within high-energy factorization
• Intrinsic Transverse Momentum and Evolution in Weighted Spin Asymmetries
• Dihadron Azimuthal Correlation from Collins Effect in Unpolarized Hadron Collisions
• QCD$\times$QED evolution of TMDs
• Azimuthal asymmetries in single polarized proton-proton Drell-Yan processes
• Restoration of $k_T$ factorization for low $p_T$ hadron hadroproduction
• On correlations in high-energy hadronic processes and the CMS ridge: A manifestation of quantum entanglement?
• The Fractured Boer-Mulders Effect in the Production of Polarized Baryons
• Nonperturbative transverse-momentum-dependent effects in dihadron and direct photon-hadron angular correlations in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV
• Glauber gluons in pion-induced Drell-Yan processes
• Twist Three Distribution f_\perp(x,k^\perp) in Light-front Hamiltonian Approach
• Colour unwound - disentangling colours for azimuthal asymmetries in Drell-Yan scattering
• Azimuthal angle dependence of di-jet production in unpolarized hadron scattering
• Average transverse momentum quantities approaching the lightfront
• Transverse moments of TMD parton densities and ultraviolet divergences
• Analogies between hadron-in-jet and dihadron fragmentation
• Next-to-Leading-Order Corrections to Weak Boson Production with a Massive Quark Jet Pair at Hadron Colliders
• Factorization and its Breaking in Dijet Single Transverse Spin Asymmetries in $pp$ Collisions
• Gluon TMD studies at EIC
• Light-Front Holography, Light-Front Wavefunctions, and Novel QCD Phenomena
• Non-dipolar Wilson links for transverse-momentum-dependent wave functions
• The AdS/QCD Correspondence and Exclusive Processes
• Recent theoretical progress in perturbative QCD
• $q_T$-slicing with multiple jets
• Color entanglement effect in collinear twist-3 factorization
• Overview of TMD evolution
• AdS/QCD and Light Front Holography: A New Approximation to QCD
• Effective Field Theory Factorization for Diffraction
• QCD and Light-Front Dynamics
• Mapping the internal structure of hadrons through color and spin effects
• AdS/QCD, Light-Front Holography, and the Nonperturbative Running Coupling
• Investigating the transverse momentum dependent gluon Sivers function in quarkonium production at $pp$ colliders
• QCD and Light-Front Holography
• The Search for Gluon Saturation in pA Collisions
• Intrinsic parton motion soft mechanisms and the longitudinal spin asymmetry A_LL in high energy pp -> pi X
• QCD resummation for high-p${}_T$ jet shapes at hadron colliders
• On the Relation Between Mechanisms for Single-Transverse-Spin Asymmetries
• Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetries for dijet production in polarized proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{\mathbf{s}}$ = 200 $\mathrm{GeV}$
• Nonperturbative Transverse Momentum Effects in Dihadron and Direct Photon-Hadron Angular Correlations
• Glauber gluons in annihilation amplitudes for heavy meson decays
• Partonic transverse momenta in non-relativistic hyper-central quark potential models
• The Role of Gauge Invariance in Single-Spin Asymmetries
• Transverse momentum dependence in double parton scattering
• The inclusive production of charged pion pairs in proton-antiproton collisions
• Novel Perspectives for Hadron Physics
• Glauber gluons in pion-induced Drell-Yan processes revisited