The (2+1)-Dimensional Black Hole

Abstract

I review the classical and quantum properties of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole of Ba{ñ}ados, Teitelboim, and Zanelli. This solution of the Einstein field equations in three spacetime dimensions shares many of the characteristics of the Kerr black hole: it has an event horizon, an inner horizon, and an ergosphere; it occurs as an endpoint of gravitational collapse; it exhibits mass inflation; and it has a nonvanishing Hawking temperature and interesting thermodynamic properties. At the same time, its structure is simple enough to allow a number of exact computations, particularly in the quantum realm, that are impractical in 3+1 dimensions.

LaTeX, 34 pages, 4 figures in separate file

References in corpus (5)

• Entropies of Scalar Fields on Three Dimensional Black Holes
• The electrically charged BTZ black hole with self(anti-self) dual Maxwell field
• Supersymmetric spacetimes in 2+1 adS-supergravity models
• Quantum fluctuation of stress tensor and black holes in three dimensions
• Vacuum polarization around a three-dimensional black hole

Cited by in corpus (361)

• Large N Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity
• Quantum Geometry and Black Hole Entropy
• Black hole thermodynamical entropy
• The cosmological constant and the black hole equation of state
• Traversable Wormholes via a Double Trace Deformation
• Holographic Probes of Anti-de Sitter Spacetimes
• Charged Rotating Black Hole in Three Spacetime Dimensions
• Thermodynamics of (3+1)-dimensional black holes with toroidal or higher genus horizons
• Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse
• Three-Dimensional Quantum Gravity, Chern-Simons Theory, and the A-Polynomial
• Conformal Field Theory, (2+1)-Dimensional Gravity, and the BTZ Black Hole
• Strings in a Time-Dependent Orbifold
• Dynamic black-hole entropy
• Holographic Calculations of Renyi Entropy
• Choptuik Scaling and Quasinormal Modes in the AdS/CFT Correspondence
• Black Hole Thermodynamics
• Asymptotic charged BTZ black hole solutions
• Solitons, Superpotentials and Calibrations
• Making Anti-de Sitter Black Holes
• What We Don't Know about BTZ Black Hole Entropy
• Local bulk operators in AdS/CFT: A holographic description of the black hole interior
• The Weak Gravity Conjecture in three dimensions
• Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse (Physics Reports)
• Quantum Gravity in 2+1 Dimensions: The Case of a Closed Universe
• Conformally dressed black hole in 2+1 dimensions
• Semiclassical Corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the BTZ Black Hole via Self-Gravitation
• Near Horizon Geometry of Rotating Black Holes in Five Dimensions
• Holography with Gravitational Chern-Simons Term
• Corrected entropy of BTZ black hole in tunneling approach
• Bulk and Boundary Dynamics in BTZ Black Holes
• Topological classes of thermodynamics of rotating AdS black holes
• Mapping Hawking into Unruh Thermal Properties
• Quantum field theory in curved graphene spacetimes, Lobachevsky geometry, Weyl symmetry, Hawking effect, and all that
• Minimal Geometric Deformation in a cloud of strings
• New Coordinates for BTZ Black Hole and Hawking Radiation via Tunnelling
• Remarks on Hawking radiation as tunneling from the BTZ black holes
• Quantum scalar field on three-dimensional (BTZ) black hole instanton: heat kernel, effective action and thermodynamics
• Statistical Entropy of BTZ Black Hole in Higher Curvature Gravity
• Hamiltonian thermodynamics of the Reissner-Nordström-anti-de Sitter black hole
• Gravitational collapse in 2+1 dimensional AdS spacetime
• Massive charged BTZ black holes in asymptotically (a)dS spacetimes
• Entropy of Three-Dimensional Black Holes in String Theory
• Circularly symmetric solutions in three-dimensional Teleparallel, f(T) and Maxwell-f(T) gravity
• Charged BTZ black holes in the context of massive gravity's rainbow
• Towards integrability for AdS3/CFT2
• Magnetic Solutions to 2+1 Gravity
• A Farey tale for N=4 dyons
• Exact vacuum solution of a (1+2)-dimensional Poincare gauge theory: BTZ solution with torsion
• Black holes and Boyle's law -- the thermodynamics of the cosmological constant
• Modifications of the BTZ black hole by a dilaton/scalar
• Thermodynamic stability of charged BTZ black holes: Ensemble dependency problem and its solution
• Rotating magnetic solution in three dimensional Einstein gravity
• Thermodynamic Geometry Of Charged Rotating BTZ Black Holes
• Three-Dimensional Black Holes and String Theory
• The (2+1)-dimensional gravastars
• Geometrical method for thermal instability of nonlinearly charged BTZ Black Holes
• Static, stationary and inertial Unruh-DeWitt detectors on the BTZ black hole
• Critical behavior in 2+1 dimensional black holes
• One-Loop Corrected Thermodynamics of the Extremal and Non-Extremal Spinning BTZ Black Hole
• Quantum Extremal Islands Made Easy, Part IV: Massive Black Holes on the Brane
• Charged Rotating BTZ Black Hole and Thermodynamic Behavior of Field Equations at its Horizon
• Overspinning BTZ black holes with test particles and fields
• Black Holes and Causal Structure in Anti-de Sitter Isometric Spacetimes
• Lower-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet Gravity and BTZ Black Holes
• Sinh-Gordon, Cosh-Gordon and Liouville Equations for Strings and Multi-Strings in Constant Curvature Spacetimes
• Curved Spacetimes and Curved Graphene: a status report of the Weyl-symmetry approach
• Charged BTZ-like Black Holes in Higher Dimensions
• Greybody factors and quasinormal modes for a nonminimally coupled scalar field in a cloud of strings in (2+1)-dimensional background
• Support of dS/CFT correspondence from perturbations of three dimensional spacetime
• Mass and Thermodynamic Volume in Lifshitz Spacetimes
• Sewing spacetime with Lorentzian threads: complexity and the emergence of time in quantum gravity
• String theory on three dimensional black holes
• Quantum Chaos in Topologically Massive Gravity
• Islands in Flat-Space Cosmology
• Noncommutative BTZ Black Hole and Discrete Time
• Island, Page Curve and Superradiance of Rotating BTZ Black Holes
• Near Horizon Geometry and Black Holes in Four Dimensions
• Weyl Charges in Asymptotically Locally AdS${}_3$ Spacetimes
• Asymptotically charged BTZ Black Holes in Gravity's Rainbow
• The connection between holographic entanglement and complexity of purification
• $(2+1)$-dimensional regular black holes with nonlinear electrodynamics sources
• On the negative spectrum of the 2+1 black hole
• Quantum signatures of black hole mass superpositions
• Flowing Funnels: Heat sources for field theories and the AdS_3 dual of CFT_2 Hawking radiation
• Microscopic entropy of the charged BTZ black hole
• Greybody factors for a minimally coupled scalar field in three-dimensional Einstein-power-Maxwell black hole background
• Rotating Gauss-Bonnet BTZ Black Holes
• A new class of stable $(2+1)$ dimensional thin shell wormhole
• Gott Time Machines, BTZ Black Hole Formation, and Choptuik Scaling
• Greybody factors for a nonminimally coupled scalar field in BTZ black hole background
• Superradiant instability and charged scalar quasinormal modes for $2+1$-dimensional Coulomb-like AdS black holes from nonlinear electrodynamics
• Thermodynamic Interpretation of Field Equations at Horizon of BTZ Black Hole
• Black Hole Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
• Gravitationally Collapsing Shells in (2+1) Dimensions
• Gödel Type Metrics in Three Dimensions
• The gravitating $\sigma$ model in 2+1 dimensions: black hole solutions
• On the Topological Nature of the Hawking Temperature of Black Holes
• Three dimensional stationary cyclic symmetric Einstein-Maxwell solutions; black holes
• Quasinormal Modes and Black Hole Quantum Mechanics in 2+1 Dimensions
• Stretched horizons, quasiparticles and quasinormal modes
• Greybody factor for the BTZ black hole and a 5D black hole
• Quantum dress for a naked singularity
• Charging Symmetries and Linearizing Potentials for Heterotic String in Three Dimensions
• A study of geodesic motion in a (2+1)-dimensional charged BTZ black hole
• Time-Symmetric Initial Data for Multi-Body Solutions in Three Dimensions
• Three dimensional nonlinear magnetic AdS solutions through topological defects
• A new Einstein-nonlinear electrodynamics solution in 2+1-dimensions
• The Cheshire Cap
• Hawking radiation from covariant anomalies in 2+1 dimensional black holes
• Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes with a scalar hair in three-dimensions
• Looking Inside a Black Hole
• Quantization of AdS_3 Black Holes in External Fields
• Stationary scalar clouds around a BTZ black hole
• Back-reaction of a conformal field on a three-dimensional black hole
• Photons trajectories on a first order scale-dependent static BTZ black hole
• Accelerating Branes and Brane Temperature
• Gravity dual of 1+1 dimensional Bjorken expansion
• Couplings between Chern-Simons gravities and 2p-branes
• Modular Commutators in Conformal Field Theory
• Traversable Wormholes as Quantum Channels: Exploring CFT Entanglement Structure and Channel Capacity in Holography
• General analysis of self-dual solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in (1+2) dimensions
• Thermal fluctuations of (non)linearly charged BTZ black hole in massive gravity
• Supergeometry of Three Dimensional Black Holes
• EUP-corrected thermodynamics of BTZ black hole
• Charged Accelerating BTZ black holes
• AdS/BCFT correspondence and BTZ black hole thermodynamics within Horndeski gravity
• Analytical and numerical study of backreacting one-dimensional holographic superconductors in the presence of Born-Infeld electrodynamics
• Holography of the BTZ Black Hole, Inside and Out
• Noncommutative correction to the entropy of BTZ black hole with GUP
• Analytic three-dimensional primary hair charged black holes and thermodynamics
• Stationary Black Holes in a Generalized Three-Dimensional Theory of Gravity
• Quantum Gravitational Collapse and Hawking Radiation in 2+1 Dimensions
• Anisotropic Generalized Polytropic Spheres: Regular 3D Black Holes
• Stable three-dimensional (un)charged AdS gravastars in gravity's rainbow
• Exact Solutions for Boson-Fermion Stars in (2+1) dimensions
• Regular Compact Objects with Scalar Hair
• Exact radial solution in 2+1 gravity with a real scalar field
• Static and rotating electrically charged black holes in three-dimensional Brans-Dicke gravity theories
• Magnetic solutions to 2+1 dimensional gravity with dilaton field
• Slow scrambling in extremal BTZ and microstate geometries
• BPS-like bound and thermodynamics of the charged BTZ black hole
• The Cardy-Verlinde formula and entropy of the charged rotating BTZ black hole
• Steady States of Holographic Interfaces
• Holographic Probes of Inner Horizons
• The Sagnac effect on a scale-dependent rotating BTZ black hole background
• Quantum Minimal Length and Transplanckian Photons
• Magnetic point sources in three dimensional Brans-Dicke gravity theories
• Higher dimensional flat embeddings of black strings in (2+1) dimensions
• Cloud of strings as source in $2+1$-dimensional $f(R)=R^n$ gravity
• Higher dimensional flat embeddings of (2+1) dimensional black holes
• Geodesically complete BTZ-type solutions of $2+1$ Born-Infeld gravity
• Scalar Fields in BTZ Black Hole Spacetime and Entanglement Entropy
• Charge Conservation, Entropy Current, and Gravitation
• Canonical Quantization of the BTZ Black Hole using Noether Symmetries
• Gravity dual of conformal matter collisions in 1+1 dimensions
• No superradiance for the scalar field in the BTZ black hole with reflexive boundary conditions
• Black Hole Entropy and the Problem of Universality
• Geometrical Finiteness, Holography, and the BTZ Black Hole
• Apparent horizons, black hole entropy and loop quantum gravity
• On a spacetime duality in 2+1 gravity
• Global embeddings of scalar-tensor theories in (2+1)-dimensions
• (2+1)-dimensional solutions in $F(R)$ gravity
• Probing the BTZ black hole with test fields
• Entropy Count for Extremal Three-Dimensional Black Strings
• Horizons, Constraints, and Black Hole Entropy
• Topological classes of BTZ black holes
• Consistency between black hole and mimetic gravity -- Case of $(2+1)$-dimensional gravity
• BTZ black holes and the near-horizon geometry of higher-dimensional black holes
• Mimetic gravity in $(2+1)$-dimensions
• Boundary Terms and Noether Current of Sphereical Black Holes
• Analogue gravity by an optical vortex. Resonance enhancement of Hawking radiation
• Dynamics for holographic codes
• Orbits of light rays in (1+2)-dimensional Einstein-power-Maxwell gravity: Exact analytical solution to the null geodesic equations
• Thermodynamics of BTZ Black Holes in Gravity's Rainbow
• Symmetries and Charges in Weyl-Fefferman-Graham Gauge
• Scalar quasinormal modes for 2+1-dimensional Coulomb like AdS black holes from non lineal electrodynamics
• Charged Anti-de Sitter BTZ black holes in Maxwell-$f(T)$ gravity
• Why is the black hole entropy (almost) linear in the horizon area?
• Black Holes with Scalar Hair in Three Dimensions
• Inter-occurrence times and universal laws in finance, earthquakes and genomes
• Quasinormal frequencies of asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes in two dimensions
• Connecting quasinormal modes and heat kernels in 1-loop determinants
• A new class of regular black hole solutions with quasi-localized sources of matter in $(2+1)$ dimensions
• Open effective theory of scalar field in rotating plasma
• Constructing noncommutative black holes
• One-dimensional backreacting holographic p-wave superconductors
• Universal thermodynamic topological classes of three-dimensional BTZ black holes
• Dissipative dynamics of an open quantum battery in the BTZ spacetime
• Unified approach to the entropy of an extremal rotating BTZ black hole: Thin shells and horizon limits
• Quantization of Black Holes in the Wheeler-DeWitt Approach
• Black Hole Entropy and the Problem of Universality
• Investigation the geodesic motion of three dimensional rotating black holes
• Regular BTZ black holes from an infinite tower of corrections
• Complete higher dimensional global embedding structures of various black holes
• Rotating Electric Classical Solutions of 2+1 D U(1) Einstein Maxwell Chern-Simons
• Tomograms of Spinning Black Holes
• Quasinormal modes of the BTZ black hole under scalar perturbations with a non-minimal coupling: Exact spectrum
• Proof of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for several extremal black holes
• Conductivity of the one-dimensional holographic p-wave superconductors in the presence of nonlinear electrodynamics
• Three-dimensional black hole entropy
• Thermodynamical and dynamical properties of Charged BTZ Black Holes
• Thermodynamics of extremal rotating thin shells in an extremal BTZ spacetime and the extremal black hole entropy
• Magnetically charged solutions via an analog of the electric-magnetic duality in (2+1)-dimensional gravity theories
• Thermodynamics of 2+1 dimensional Coulomb-Like Black Holes from Non Linear Electrodynamics with a traceless energy momentum tensor
• Mass inflation and strong cosmic censorship in a non-extreme BTZ black hole
• BTZ one-loop determinants via the Selberg zeta function for general spin
• Hartle-Hawking state and its factorization in 3d gravity
• Geometric Finiteness and Non-quasinormal Modes of the BTZ Black Hole
• Scalar field instabilities in charged BTZ black holes
• Separable wave equations for gravitoelectromagnetic perturbations of rotating charged black strings
• Noncommutative correction to the entropy of charged BTZ black hole
• Tripartite Entanglement Extraction from the Black Hole Vacuum
• Motion and trajectories of photons in a three-dimensional rotating Hořava AdS black hole
• Three-Dimensional Hairy Black Holes in Teleparallel Gravity
• Scalarization-like mechanism through spacetime anisotropic scaling symmetry
• Notes on the Area Theorem
• Quasinormal modes of BTZ black hole and Hawking-like radiation in graphene
• Singularity in 2+1 dimensional AdS-scalar black hole
• The BTZ black hole with a time-dependent boundary
• Scalar tidal response of a rotating BTZ black hole
• Electrodynamics of Black Holes in STU Supergravity
• Force-Free Magnetohydrodynamic Waves: Non-Linear Interactions and Effects of Strong Gravity
• Critical collapse of a rotating scalar field in $2+1$ dimensions
• Dimension of quantum channel of radiation in pure Lovelock black holes
• On the static solutions in gravity with massive scalar field in three dimensions
• Lightcone Modular Bootstrap and Tauberian Theory: A Cardy-like Formula for Near-extremal Black Holes
• Relationship between (2+1) and 3+1)--Friedmann--Robertson--Walker cosmologies
• Isotropic AdS/CFT fireball
• Hamiltonian thermodynamics of charged three-dimensional dilatonic black holes
• Local free-fall temperatures of charged BTZ black holes in massive gravity
• Singularity free stars in (2+1) dimensions
• Vacuum polarization on topological black holes with Robin boundary conditions
• Thermodynamic stability of a new three dimensional regular black hole
• Functional determinants, generalized BTZ geometries and Selberg zeta function
• Gravitons and gauge fields in 5d Chern-Simons supergravity
• New black hole solutions in three-dimensional $f(R)$ gravity
• Three-dimensional black holes via Noether symmetries
• Curvature singularity of the distributional BTZ black hole geometry
• General Static Axially-symmetric Solutions of (2+1)-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Theory
• Normal modes in thermal AdS via the Selberg zeta function
• Holographic thermal entropy from geodesic bit threads
• The rotating black hole interior: Insights from gravitational collapse in $Ad{S}_3$ spacetime
• Reduction of BTZ spacetime to hypersurfaces of foliation
• Three-dimensional AdS black holes in massive-power-Maxwell theor
• Nonpropagation of tachyon on the BTZ black hole in type 0B string theory
• (2+1)$-dimensional sonic black hole from spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate and its analogue Hawking radiation
• One-dimensional bosonization and the SYK model
• Odd entanglement entropy in $\text{T}\bar{\text{T}}$ deformed CFT${}_2$s and holography
• More Excitement Across the Horizon
• Adiabatic analysis of the rotating BTZ black hole
• Quasinormal modes of charged BTZ black holes
• Logarithmic Corrections to the Entropy of Scalar Field in BTZ Black Hole Space-time
• Dynamical Black Holes in 2+1 Dimensions
• Investigating quantum criticality through charged scalar fields near the BTZ black hole horizon
• Three-dimensional energy-dependent $C$-metric: black hole solutions
• Three Dimensional Gravity in the Presence of Scalar Fields
• Deflection of Light Around a Rotating BTZ Black Hole
• String Theory Formulation of anti-de Sitter Black Holes
• Power Law Corrections to BTZ Black Hole Entropy
• Boosting thermodynamic performance by bending space-time
• Rotating Boson Star with Large Self-interaction in (2+1) dimensions
• Noether Currents of Charged Spherical Black Holes
• Hidden Conformal Symmetries from Killing Towers with an Application to Large-D/CFT
• Tunneling of Hawking radiation for BTZ black hole revisited
• Towards quantum gravity with neural networks: Solving the quantum Hamilton constraint of U(1) BF theory
• Vacuum polarization on topological black holes
• Weak Gravitational Lensing of quantum perturbed Lukewarm Black Holes and cosmological constant effect
• Quantum probes of timelike naked singularities in $2+1-$ dimensional power - law spacetimes
• Entropy spectrum of charged BTZ black holes in massive gravity's rainbow
• Holographic Thermodynamics of BTZ Black Holes and Tsallis Entropy
• Hawking radiation inside a Schwarzschild black hole
• Entropy from AdS(3)/CFT(2)
• Dimension in a Radiative Stellar Atmosphere
• Four-dimensional anti-de Sitter black holes from a three-dimensional perspective: Full complexity
• Hawking temperature of black holes with multiple horizons
• Grassmannians and conformal structure on absolutes
• Three dimensional charged black holes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Self-gravitational corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde formula of charged BTZ black hole
• Path integral of the relativistic point particle in Minkowski space
• Holographic entanglement entropy of the double Wick rotated BTZ black hole
• The Structure of AdS Black Holes and Chern Simons Theory in 2+1 Dimensions
• Gravitational collapse and Hawking-like radiation of the shell in AdS spacetime
• SO(3,2)/Sp(2) symmetries in BTZ black holes
• Robin boundary conditions in acoustic BTZ black holes
• Formation of Black Holes in Topologically Massive Gravity
• Structure of $3D$ gravastars in the context of massive gravity
• Quasinormal Modes in three-dimensional time-dependent Anti-de Sitter spacetime
• Spinning Particle Geometries in AdS${}_3$/CFT${}_2$
• Analog model for the BTZ black hole
• An optical analogue for rotating BTZ black holes
• Charged rotating BTZ solution revisited: New coordinates and algebraic classifications
• Boundary correlators and the Schwarzian mode
• Quasibound states for a scalar field under the influence of an external magnetic field in the near-horizon geometry of the BTZ black hole with torsion
• Fluid analogs for rotating black holes
• Horizon Instability of the Extremal BTZ Black Hole
• Dilaton test of connection between AdS_3 X S^3 and 5D black hole
• The Lamb shift in the BTZ spacetime
• U_e(1)xU_g(1) Actions in 2+1-Dimensions: Full Vectorial Electric and Magnetic Fields
• Strings from 3D gravity: asymptotic dynamics of AdS${}_3$ gravity with free boundary conditions
• Analysis of Two-Particle Systems in 2 + 1 Gravity Through Hamiltonian Dynamics
• The BTZ spacetime as an algebraic embedding
• New regular 2+1 black hole solutions from bilocal gravity
• Exact solutions in 3D gravity with torsion
• Quantum Gravity at Very High Energies
• Spherical and planar three-dimensional anti-de Sitter black holes
• Gravitational collapse of a circularly symmetric star
• Gravity From Topological Field Theory
• Constant curvature black holes in Einstein AdS gravity: conserved quantities
• Kalb-Ramond field, black holes and black strings in (2 + 1)D
• Quantum thermal machines in BTZ black hole spacetime
• Local first law of black hole
• Quasinormal modes of three $(2+1)$-dimensional black holes in string theory, conformal gravity, and Hu-Sawicki $F(R)$ theory via the Heun function
• New Spacetimes for Rotating Dust in (2+1)-Dimensional General Relativity
• Smart Holes: Analogue black holes with the right temperature and entropy
• On the dynamical 4D BTZ black hole solution in conformally invariant gravity
• D-dimensional self-gravitating lattice gas in general relativity
• Time like geodesics in three-dimensional rotating Hořava AdS black hole
• Entropy in Spin Foam Models: The Statistical Calculation
• On Some Applications of the Sagnac Effect
• On energy for accelerating observers in black hole spacetimes
• The fuzzy BTZ
• Three-dimensional $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Yang-Mills theory is three-dimensional gravity with background sources
• Thermodynamic structure of field equations near apparent horizon for radiating black holes
• Lower dimensional black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics: causal structure and scalar perturbations
• Nonsingular, lump-like, scalar compact objects in $(2+1)$-dimensional Einstein gravity
• Rotating detectors in dS/AdS spacetimes
• The CR Volume for Black Holes and the Corresponding Entropy Variation: A Review
• Thin-shell wormholes in 2+1-dimensional Einstein-Scalar Theory
• On the Time Times Temperature Bound
• Deep in the knotted black hole
• Information evolution in the interior of an axially symmetric BTZ black hole
• Hamiltonian thermodynamics of three-dimensional dilatonic black holes
• Probing quantum criticality near the BTZ black hole horizon: Insights from coupled fermion-antifermion pairs
• Measurement of the inner horizon in the analog of rotating BTZ black holes by an improved photon fluid
• C-metric in a (nut)shell
• Large gravitons and near-horizon diffeomorphisms
• Quantum correlation and origin of Hawking radiation for mass-superposed BTZ black holes
• Covariant odd entanglement entropy in AdS${}_3$/CFT${}_2$
• Notes on solution phase space and BTZ black hole
• Classical and quantum analysis of an Einstein-Scalar solution in $2+1$ dimensions
• BTZ entropy from topological M-theory
• Cluster algebraic description of entanglement patterns for the BTZ black hole
• Holography versus Correspondence principle: eternal Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter geometry
• Probing hidden topology with quantum detectors
• Hawking radiation of rotating BTZ Black hole based on modified dispersion relation and Rarita-Schwinger equation
• Scalar vacuum densities on Beltrami pseudosphere
• Thermodynamical and dynamical stability of Einstein-Maxwell and extremal Einstein-Born-Infeld thin shells in $(2+1)$ dimensions
• Noncommutative black holes in extended anti-de Sitter phase space
• Regular $(2+1)$-dimensional spatially homogeneous ${\alpha }^{\prime }$-corrected BTZ-like black hole in string theory
• Thermal Fisher information for a rotating BTZ black hole
• Ergodic Concepts for a Self-Organizing Trivalent Spin Network: A Path to $(2+1)$-dimensional Black Hole Entropy
• All Static Black Holes in AdS${}_3$
• Strings near BTZ black holes: A Carrollian Chronicle
• The two-body problem in 2+1 spacetime dimensions with negative cosmological constant: two point particles
• Hawking radiation of anyons
• Lower-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity black holes with quintessence
• Geodesics and Bending of Light around a BTZ Black Hole Surrounded by Quintessential Matter
• Geometrical and hydrodynamic aspects of five-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole
• Ultra-massive spacetimes in 2+1 dimensions with positive Λ
• Spectral Bifurcations in Quasinormal Modes of Regular BTZ Black Holes
• Charged BTZ-type solutions in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity