Experimental Test of a New Equality: Measuring Heat Dissipation in an Optically Driven Colloidal System

Abstract

Measurement of energy dissipation in small nonequilibrium systems is generally a difficult task. Recently, Harada and Sasa [Phys.Rev.Lett. 95, 130602(2005)] derived an equality relating the energy dissipation rate to experimentally accessible quantities in nonequilibrium steady states described by the Langevin equation. Here, we show the first experimental test of this new relation in an optically driven colloidal system. We find that this equality is validated to a fairly good extent, thus the irreversible work of a small system is estimated from readily obtainable quantities.

4 pages, 6 figures

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• A nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences
• The Entropy Production Fluctuation Theorem and the Nonequilibrium Work Relation for Free Energy Differences
• Dynamical Ensembles in Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics
• Steady State Thermodynamics of Langevin Systems
• The Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems
• Equality connecting energy dissipation with violation of fluctuation-response relation
• Energy dissipation and violation of the fluctuation-response relation in non-equilibrium Langevin systems
• Microscopic description of the equality between violation of fluctuation-dissipation relation and energy dissipation

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