Rapid-Prototyping a Brownian Particle in an Active Bath

Abstract

Particles kicked by external forces to produce mobility distinct from thermal diffusion are an iconic feature of the active matter problem. Here, we map this onto a minimal model for experiment and theory covering the wide time and length scales of usual active matter systems. A particle diffusing in a harmonic potential generated by an optical trap is kicked by programmed forces with time correlation at random intervals following the Poisson process. The model's generic simplicity allows us to find conditions for which displacements are Gaussian (or not), how diffusion is perturbed (or not) by kicks, and quantifying heat dissipation to maintain the non-equilibrium steady state in an active bath. The model reproduces experimental results of tracer mobility in an active bath of swimming algal cells. It can be used as a stochastic dynamic simulator for Brownian objects in various active baths without mechanistic understanding, owing to the generic framework of the protocol.

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• Brownian particle in a Poisson-shot-noise active bath: exact statistics, effective temperature, and inference
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• Periodic potential can enormously boost free particle transport induced by active fluctuations
• Harvesting information to control non-equilibrium states of active matter
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• Interplay between Brownian and hydrodynamic tracer diffusion in suspensions of swimming microorganisms
• Probing the limits of effective temperature consistency in actively driven systems
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