Survival of superconducting correlations across the 2D superconductor-insulator transition: A finite frequency study

Abstract

The complex ac conductivity of thin highly disordered InOx films was studied as a function of magnetic field through the nominal two-dimensional superconductor-insulator transition. We have resolved a significant finite-frequency superfluid stiffness well into the insulating regime, giving direct evidence for quantum superconducting fluctuations around an insulating ground state and a state of matter with localized Cooper pairs. A phase diagram is established that includes the superconducting state, a transition to a "Bose" insulator, and an eventual crossover to a "Fermi" insulating state at high fields. We speculate on the consequences of these observations, their impact on our understanding of the insulating state, and its relevance as a prototype for other insulating states of matter that derive from superconductors.

7 pages, 4 figures

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• Observation of the Nernst signal generated by fluctuating Cooper pairs
• Charge modulation, spin response, and dual Hofstadter butterfly in high-Tc cuprates
• Fluctuations, dissipation, and nonuniversal superfluid jumps in two-dimensional superconductors

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• Anomalous gap edge dissipation in disordered superconductors on the brink of localization
• A Mott Glass to Superfluid Transition for Random Bosons in Two Dimensions
• Composite fermions and the field-tuned superconductor-insulator transition
• Microwave Spectroscopy Evidence of Superconducting Pairing in the Magnetic-Field-Induced Metallic State of InO${}_x$ Films at Zero Temperature
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• High field termination of a Cooper-pair insulator
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• The role of Coulomb interaction in superconducting NbTiN thin films
• Collapse of the Cooper pair phase coherence length at a superconductor to insulator transition
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• Charge Dynamics Across the Disorder Driven Superconductor-Insulator Transition
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• Voltage Controlled Switching Phenomenon in Disordered Superconductors