The Warped Circumstellar Disk of HD100546

Abstract

We propose that the two armed spiral features seen in visible Hubble Space Telescope images of scattered light in HD100546's circumstellar disk are caused by the illumination of a warped outer disk. A tilt of 6-15 degrees from the symmetry plane can cause the observed surface brightness variations providing the disk is very twisted (highly warped) at radii greater than 200 AU where the spiral features are seen. Dust lanes are due in part to shadowing in the equatorial plane from the inner disk within a radius of 100 AU. HD100546's outer disk, if viewed edge-on, would appear similar to that of Beta Pictorus. A disk initially misaligned with a planetary system, becomes warped due to precession induced by planetesimal bodies and planets. However, the twistedness of HD100546's disk cannot be explained by precession during the lifetime of the system induced by a single Jovian mass planet within the clearing at ~13 AU. One possible explanation for the corrugated disk is that precession was induced by massive of bodies embedded in the disk at larger radius. This would require approximately a Jupiter mass of bodies well outside the central clearing at 13 AU and within the location of the spiral features or at radii approximately between 50-200 AU.

submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (6)

• Flaring vs. self-shadowed disks: the SEDs of Herbig Ae/Be stars
• Resolved Inner Disks around Herbig Ae/Be Stars
• Substructure in the Circumstellar Disk around the Young Star AU Mic (GJ 803)
• Resonant inclination excitation of migrating giant planets
• A Resolved Circumstellar Disk around the Herbig Ae Star HD 100546 in the Thermal Infrared
• A Dynamical Simulation of the Debris Disk Around HD 141569A

Cited by in corpus (28)

• The properties of brown dwarfs and low-mass hydrogen-burning stars formed by disc fragmentation
• The warm gas atmosphere of the HD 100546 disk seen by Herschel (Evidence of a gas-rich, carbon-poor atmosphere?)
• A Spatially Resolved Inner Hole in the Disk around GM Aurigae
• Circumbinary, not transitional: On the spiral arms, cavity, shadows, fast radial flows, streamers and horseshoe in the HD142527 disc
• Recovery of the Candidate Protoplanet HD 100546 b with Gemini/NICI and Detection of Additional (Planet-Induced?) Disk Structure at Small Separations
• VLT/NACO Polarimetric Differential Imaging of HD100546 - Disk Structure and Dust Grain Properties between 10-140 AU
• Dust Evolution Can Produce Scattered Light Gaps in Protoplanetary Disks
• Kinematics of the CO Gas in the Inner Regions of the TW Hya Disk
• Observations of Solids in Protoplanetary Disks
• Cloudlet capture by Transitional Disk and FU Orionis stars
• High-Resolution ALMA Observations of HD100546: Asymmetric Circumstellar Ring, and Circumplanetary Disk Upper Limits
• Multiple spiral patterns in the transitional disk of HD 100546
• Warping a protoplanetary disc with a planet on an inclined orbit
• Warm molecular gas and kinematics in the disc around HD 100546
• Resolved images of the protoplanetary disk around HD 100546 with ALMA
• Sulphur monoxide exposes a potential molecular disk wind from the planet-hosting disk around HD100546
• Resolving HD 100546 disc in the mid-infrared: Small inner disc and asymmetry near the gap
• Resolving structure of the disk around HD100546 at 7 mm with ATCA
• Formation and evolution of planetary systems: the impact of high angular resolution optical techniques
• Asymmetric mid-plane gas in ALMA images of HD~100546
• Resolved observations of transition disks
• The protoplanetary system HD 100546 in H$\alpha$ polarized light from SPHERE/ZIMPOL. A bar-like structure across the disk gap?
• The observable effects of tidally induced warps in protostellar discs
• Observational signatures of linear warps in circumbinary discs
• Analysis of the arm-like structure in the outer disk of PDS 70. Spiral density wave or vortex?
• The Mid-Infrared Polarization of the Herbig Ae Star WL 16: An Interstellar Origin?
• New Mid-Infrared Imaging Constraints on Companions and Protoplanetary Disks around six Young Stars
• Scattered light signatures of flyby-induced warps in protoplanetary discs