CDM and Strong Lensing: Concord or Conflict?

Abstract

(Abridged) Using the number and sizes of observed gravitational lenses, I derive upper limits on the dark matter content of elliptical galaxies. Galaxies built from Cold Dark Matter (CDM) mass distributions are too concentrated to comfortably satisfy these limits; SCDM is ruled out, and LCDM is only marginally consistent with the data. Thus, lensing adds to the evidence that CDM mass distributions are too concentrated on kiloparsec scales to agree with real galaxies, and extends the argument to elliptical galaxies. By contrast, the lack of central images in radio lenses implies that the central densities of CDM galaxies are too low on ~10 parsec scales, even if supermassive black holes are included. Self-interacting dark matter, or any other modification to regular cold dark matter, must simultaneously reduce the densities on kiloparsec scales and increase the densities on parsec scales in order to satisfy the unique constraints from lensing.

16 pages, emulateapj5; accepted in ApJ; minor changes from original version

References in corpus (73)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• A Universal Density Profile from Hierarchical Clustering
• The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• Profiles of dark haloes: evolution, scatter, and environment
• Observational evidence for self-interacting cold dark matter
• Cold collapse and the core catastrophe
• Resolving the Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
• Observational and Theoretical Constraints on Singular Dark Matter Halos
• The Centers of Early-Type Galaxies with HST. IV. Central Parameter Relations
• The Structure of Dark Matter Haloes in Hierarchical Clustering Models
• H alpha rotation curves of Low Surface Brightness galaxies
• Mass Density Profiles of LSB Galaxies
• The M(BH)-Sigma Relation for Supermassive Black Holes
• The Power Spectrum Dependence of Dark Matter Halo Concentrations
• Resolving the Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos II
• Black Hole Mass Estimates from Reverberation Mapping and from Spatially Resolved Kinematics
• Dark Matter Scaling Relations
• Density Profiles of Dark Matter Halo are not Universal
• Is There A Cosmological Constant?
• Halo Properties in Cosmological Simulations of Self-Interacting Cold Dark Matter
• Dynamical Modeling of Velocity Profiles: The Dark Halo Around the Elliptical Galaxy NGC2434
• Dynamical Friction and the Distribution of Dark Matter in Barred Galaxies
• Testing the Dark Matter Hypothesis with Low Surface Brightness Galaxies and Other Evidence
• Weakly Self-Interacting Dark Matter and the Structure of Dark Halos
• Shear and Ellipticity in Gravitational Lenses
• Dwarf Galaxy Rotation Curves and the Core Problem of Dark Matter Halos
• The Effect of Dissipation on the Shapes of Dark halos
• Constraints on the Structure of Dark Matter Halos from the Rotation Curves of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• The Quadruple Gravitational Lens PG1115+080: Time Delays and Models
• The correlation between black hole mass and bulge velocity dispersion in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• The CNOC2 Field Galaxy Luminosity Function I: A Description of Luminosity Function Evolution
• Luminosity Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=0.83: Constraints on Formation Epoch and Omega
• WFPC2 Images of the Central Regions of Early-Type Galaxies - I. The Data
• Limits on Cosmological Models From Radio-Selected Gravitational Lenses
• Central Structural Parameters of Early-Type Galaxies as Viewed with HST/NICMOS
• High Resolution Rotation Curves of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
• The Fundamental Plane of Gravitational Lens Galaxies and The Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies in Low Density Environments
• The structure and evolution of weakly self-interacting cold dark matter halos
• The Parkes Half-Jansky Flat-Spectrum Sample
• Review of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Primordial Abundances
• How universal are the density profiles of dark halos?
• The Disk and Dark Halo Mass of the Barred Galaxy NGC 4123. II. Fluid-Dynamical Models
• Gravitational Lensing By Spiral Galaxies
• Time delay for the gravitational lens system B0218+357
• The core density of dark matter halos: a critical challenge to the Lambda-CDM paradigm?
• Fast calculation of a family of elliptical mass gravitational lens models
• Gravitational Lens Statistics for Generalized NFW Profiles: Parameter Degeneracy and Implications for Self-Interacting Cold Dark Matter
• Accurate Determination of the Mass Distribution in Spiral Galaxies: II. Testing the Shape of Dark Halos
• Towards a refined cosmic concordance model: joint 11-parameter constraints from CMB and large-scale structure
• A Quantitative Study of Interacting Dark Matter in Halos
• Collisional versus Collisionless Dark Matter
• The constant density region of the dark halos of spiral galaxies
• Collisional Dark Matter and the Origin of Massive Black Holes
• Global Probes of the Impact of Baryons on Dark Matter Halos
• The Cosmological Dependence of Cluster Density Profiles
• Constraints on Galaxy Density Profiles from Strong Gravitational Lensing: The Case of B 1933+503
• Giant cluster arcs as a constraint on the scattering cross-section of dark matter
• Constraints on the Inner Mass Profiles of Lensing Galaxies from Missing Odd Images
• Prevalence and Properties of Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies
• Cusped Mass Models Of Gravitational Lenses
• Lensing Constraints on the Cores of Massive Dark Matter Halos
• Why is the Fraction of Four-Image Radio Lens Systems So High?
• NICMOS and VLA Observations of the Gravitatonally Lensed Ultraluminous BAL Quasar APM~08279+5255: Detection of a Third Image
• Evolution of Cluster Ellipticals at 0.2 < z < 1.2 from Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• The Gravitational Lens System B1422$+$231: Dark Matter, Superluminal Expansion and the Hubble Constant
• The Influence of Central Black Holes on Gravitational Lenses
• Redshifts of CLASS Radio Sources
• Recent X-ray Observations and the Evolution of Hot Gas in Elliptical Galaxies: Evidence for Circumgalactic Gas
• CLASS B0739+366: A new two-image gravitational lens system
• Gravitational Lensing by Power-Law Mass Distributions: A Fast and Exact Series Approach

Cited by in corpus (116)

• Direct Detection of CDM Substructure
• The Dependence of Halo Clustering on Halo Formation History, Concentration, and Occupation
• Massive Dark-matter halos and Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=1
• Gravitational Lensing
• Halo Substructure And The Power Spectrum
• Hot Gas In and Around Elliptical Galaxies
• Galaxy Masses
• The internal structure and formation of early-type galaxies: the gravitational--lens system MG2016+112 at z=1.004
• The Structure and Dynamics of Luminous and Dark Matter in the Early-Type Lens Galaxy of 0047-281 at z=0.485
• Spatially Resolved Millimeter Interferometry of SMMJ02399-0136: a Very Massive Galaxy at z=2.8
• Observing the dark matter density profile of isolated galaxies
• Lost & Found Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies
• Dynamical modelling of luminous and dark matter in 17 Coma early-type galaxies
• The Time Delays of Gravitational Lens HE0435-1223: An Early-Type Galaxy With a Rising Rotation Curve
• The Compression of Dark Matter Halos by Baryonic Infall
• Self-Similar Models for the Mass Profiles of Early-type Lens Galaxies
• How far do they go? The outer structure of dark matter halos
• A radial mass profile analysis of the lensing cluster MS2137-23
• Identifying Lenses with Small-Scale Structure. I. Cusp Lenses
• Constraints on cosmological models from strong gravitational lensing systems
• Structure and Subhalo Population of Halos in a Self-Interacting Dark Matter Cosmology
• The Cusp/Core problem and the Secondary Infall Model
• Determination of the Dark Matter Profile of Abell 2199 from Integrated Starlight
• What is the largest Einstein radius in the universe?
• Dark halo properties from rotation curves
• Observations and Theoretical Implications of the Large Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112
• Effects of Dark Matter Substructures on Gravitational Lensing: Results from the Aquarius Simulations
• Inflation, cold dark matter, and the central density problem
• The bulge-halo conspiracy in massive elliptical galaxies: implications for the stellar initial mass function and halo response to baryonic processes
• Galaxy Kinematics with VIRUS-P: The Dark Matter Halo of M87
• Anomalous Flux Ratios in Gravitational Lenses: For or Against CDM?
• The Baryon Fractions and Mass-to-Light Ratios of Early-Type Galaxies
• Mass-to-light ratio gradients in early-type galaxy haloes
• Identifying Lenses with Small-Scale Structure. II. Fold Lenses
• The Hot Interstellar Medium of Normal Elliptical Galaxies. I. A Chandra Gas Gallery and Comparison of X-ray and Optical Morphology
• Effects of Triaxiality on the Statistics of Large-Separation Gravitational Lenses
• The image separation distribution of strong lenses: Halo versus subhalo populations
• The abundance of dark galaxies
• Constraints on galaxy halo profiles from galaxy-galaxy lensing and Tully-Fisher/fundamental plane relations
• Density profiles of dark matter haloes on Galactic and Cluster scales
• On the Density profile slope of Clusters of Galaxies
• Galactic Dynamics via General Relativity: A Compilation and New Developments
• Mass Distributions of HST Galaxy Clusters from Gravitational Arcs
• MOKA: a new tool for Strong Lensing Studies
• Mass and Concentration estimates from Weak and Strong Gravitational Lensing: a Systematic Study
• Strong lensing probability for testing TeVeS theory
• Cosmology in 2D: the concentration-mass relation for galaxy clusters
• Test of parametrized post-Newtonian gravity with galaxy-scale strong lensing systems
• Self-consistent models of cuspy triaxial galaxies with dark matter haloes
• A unified solution to the small scale problems of the $\Lambda$CDM model
• Constraints on cosmological models from lens redshift data
• Lensing and the Centers of Distant Early-Type Galaxies
• Limits on the power-law mass and luminosity density profiles of elliptical galaxies from gravitational lensing systems
• Elliptical galaxies with rapidly decreasing velocity dispersion profiles: NMAGIC models and dark halo parameter estimates for NGC 4494
• The Properties of Spiral Galaxies: Confronting Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Models with Observations
• The impact of lens galaxy environments on the image separation distribution
• SDSS J0246-0825: A New Gravitationally Lensed Quasar from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• PMN J1632-0033: A new gravitationally lensed quasar
• Testing a new analytic model for gravitational lensing probabilities
• SDSS J1335+0118: A New Two-Image Gravitational Lens
• Gravitational Lens Time Delays in CDM
• Cusps and Cores in the presence of galactic bulges
• Galaxy density profiles and shapes -- II. selection biases in strong lensing surveys
• The effect of baryons in the cosmological lensing PDFs
• $f(R)$ gravity theories in the Palatini Formalism constrained from strong lensing
• Cosmological Parameters from the SDSS DR5 Velocity Dispersion Function of Early-Type Galaxies through Radio-Selected Lens Statistics
• On the evolution of environmental and mass properties of strong lens galaxies in COSMOS
• First Results on Dark Matter Substructure from Astrometric Weak Lensing
• Discovery of a high-redshift Einstein ring
• Strong gravitational lensing and galactic bulges
• Determining the Lensing Fraction of SDSS Quasars: Methods and Results from the EDR
• The radial acceleration relation in a $\Lambda$CDM universe
• Two-component galaxies with flat rotation curve
• Strong lensing constraints on the velocity dispersion and density profile of elliptical galaxies
• Hobby-Eberly Telescope Observations of the Dark Halo in NGC 821
• Gravitational Lensing by a Compound Population of Halos: Standard Models
• Effects of early dark energy on strong cluster lensing
• Massive elliptical galaxies : From cores to haloes
• Schechter vs. Schechter: Sub-Arcsecond Gravitational Lensing and Inner Halo Profiles
• Flux-limited strong gravitational lensing and dark energy
• The flat density profiles of massive, and relaxed galaxy clusters
• Strong gravitational lensing constraints on holographic dark energy
• Mass distribution and orbital anisotropy of early-type galaxies: constraints from the Mass Plane
• Strong lensing probability in TeVeS theory
• The Expected Properties of Dark Lenses
• Constraints on the Baryonic Compression and Implications for the Fraction of Dark Halo Lenses
• A search for the third lensed image in JVAS B1030+074
• Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - IV. The complete VLT-VIMOS data set
• Strong lensing by fermionic dark matter in galaxies
• Keck spectroscopy of CLASS gravitational lenses
• Effects of galaxy-halo alignment and adiabatic contraction on gravitational lens statistics
• Constraints on the velocity profiles of galaxies from strong lensing statistics and semi-analytical modelling of galaxy formation
• The mass distribution of a moderate redshift galaxy group and brightest group galaxy from gravitational lensing and kinematics
• A millimeter-wave redshift search for the unlensed HyLIRG, HS1700.850.1
• Cusp-core problem and strong gravitational lensing
• Strong Lensing with Finite Temperature Scalar Field Dark Matter
• The Multi-Band Magnification Bias for Gravitational Lenses
• On the dark matter haloes inner structure and galaxy morphology
• Nonsingular density profiles of dark matter halos and Strong gravitational lensing
• Uncovering Planetary Nebulae in Early Type Galaxies using the Rutgers Fabry-Perot
• PG 1115+080: variations of the A2/A1 flux ratio and new values of the time delays
• Golden gravitational lensing systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey. II. SDSS J1430+4105: A precise inner total mass profile from lensing alone
• Direct tests of General Relativity under screening effect with galaxy-scale strong lensing systems
• Characterising Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters using the Millennium-XXL and MOKA simulations
• Light Propagation in Inhomogeneous Universes. III. Distributions of Image Separations
• Gravitational Lensing by Burkert Halos
• 3C 220.3: a radio galaxy lensing a submillimeter galaxy
• On the dwarf galaxies rotation curves diversity problem
• Strong Gravitational Lensing and Its Cosmic Constraints
• Angular momentum transfer and the size - mass relation in early - type galaxies
• Barions and $\Lambda$CDM Model Problems
• Virial masses of late type galaxies from the SDSS DR16
• Linearity: galaxy formation encounters an unanticipated empirical relation
• Correlations in the matter distribution in CLASH galaxy clusters
• Search for strong galaxy-galaxy lensing in SDSS-III BOSS
• The catalogue of virtual early-type galaxies from IllustrisTNG: validation and real observation consistency