Constraints on the gravitational potential from DESI DR2 BAO and its implications for the local void scenario

Abstract

We constrain the difference in gravitational potential between our location and sources at $z\gtrsim 0.3$ using datasets at those redshifts. Our motivation is that the Hubble tension might be caused by a local void, as suggested by galaxy number counts. This would increase the redshift through outflow and gravitational redshift (GR). Only the latter is important at high redshift, where a void contributes a fixed additional GR contribution of $z_0$ due to our location on a potential hill. This $z_0$ model has various subtle effects that were not previously considered, including a hotter CMB and reduced BAO scale $r_{\mathrm{d}}$. We test whether $z_0$ can have the previously expected value of 0.84%, which was based on fitting void parameters to galaxy number counts and local $H_0$ measurements. Combining BBN, CMB, BAO, and CC datasets at $z>0.5$, we find that $z_0=-0.4_{-0.9}^{+0.8}\%$, which rises to $-0.1\pm 0.7\%$ when extending our analysis down to $z>0.29$. Although the results prefer the standard value of $z_0=0$, the best-fitting model with $z_0=0.84\%$ fits the data almost as well as $\Lambda$CDM, with $\Delta {\chi }^2<2$. We find that $\Lambda$CDM faces a $3.07\sigma$ BAO anomaly in the standard $(H_0{r}_{\mathrm{d}},{\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}})$ parameter space, where different regions are preferred by BAO and non-BAO datasets from $z>0.29$. Fixing $z_0=0.84\%$ reduces this to $2.79\sigma$. This suggests that a local void large enough to solve the Hubble tension cannot be ruled out by higher-redshift datasets despite its novel impacts on them.

arXiv comment17 pages, 4 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in Universe in this form

References in corpus (88)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• MultiNest: an efficient and robust Bayesian inference tool for cosmology and particle physics
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) II: Approximation schemes
• A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km/s/Mpc Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
• Baryonic Features in the Matter Transfer Function
• dynesty: A Dynamic Nested Sampling Package for Estimating Bayesian Posteriors and Evidences
• The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Early Dark Energy Can Resolve The Hubble Tension
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015
• Constraining Cosmological Parameters Based on Relative Galaxy Ages
• Small Scale Cosmological Perturbations: An Analytic Approach
• One percent determination of the primordial deuterium abundance
• The effects of He I 10830 on helium abundance determinations
• Precision big bang nucleosynthesis with improved Helium-4 predictions
• The Megamaser Cosmology Project. XIII. Combined Hubble constant constraints
• Seven hints that early-time new physics alone is not sufficient to solve the Hubble tension
• Parameter constraints for flat cosmologies from CMB and 2dFGRS power spectra
• Towards a precision calculation of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ in the Standard Model II: Neutrino decoupling in the presence of flavour oscillations and finite-temperature QED
• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Neutrino decoupling including flavour oscillations and primordial nucleosynthesis
• A precision calculation of relic neutrino decoupling
• A Test of the Cosmological Principle with Quasars
• Setting the Stage for Cosmic Chronometers. II. Impact of Stellar Population Synthesis Models Systematics and Full Covariance Matrix
• GetDist: a Python package for analysing Monte Carlo samples
• A time-resolved picture of our Milky Way's early formation history
• Neutrino mass from Cosmology
• Cosmological parameters derived from the final (PR4) Planck data release
• Evidence for a ~300 Mpc Scale Under-density in the Local Galaxy Distribution
• Review of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Primordial Abundances
• Running Hubble Tension and a H0 Diagnostic
• Cosmic radio dipole from NVSS and WENSS
• Is there an early Universe solution to Hubble tension?
• A Challenge to the Standard Cosmological Model
• Cosmicflows-4
• Structure Formation in Inhomogeneous Dark Energy Models
• Chronologically dating the early assembly of the Milky Way
• Small Magellanic Cloud Cepheids Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Provide a New Anchor for the SH0ES Distance Ladder
• The Hawaii K-Band Galaxy Survey. II. Bright K-band Imaging
• Setting the Stage for Cosmic Chronometers. I. Assessing the Impact of Young Stellar Populations on Hubble Parameter Measurements
• The KBC void and Hubble tension contradict $\Lambda$CDM on a Gpc scale $-$ Milgromian dynamics as a possible solution
• Inferring the Age of the Universe with Globular Clusters
• Sample variance in the local measurements of the Hubble constant
• The Local Hole in the Galaxy Distribution: Evidence from 2MASS
• Reconstructing the Disrupted Dwarf Galaxy $Gaia$-Sausage/Enceladus Using its Stars and Globular Clusters
• A massive blow for $\Lambda$CDM $-$ the high redshift, mass, and collision velocity of the interacting galaxy cluster El Gordo contradicts concordance cosmology
• Evidence of a decreasing trend for the Hubble constant
• The Local Hole revealed by galaxy counts and redshifts
• H0 tension or T0 tension?
• Testing the Cosmological Principle with CatWISE Quasars: A Bayesian Analysis of the Number-Count Dipole
• The Local Hole in the Galaxy Distribution: New Optical Evidence
• The Age of the Universe with Globular Clusters: Reducing Systematic Uncertainties
• The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: A Reanalysis Of Cosmology Results And Evidence For Evolving Dark Energy With An Updated Type Ia Supernova Calibration
• Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Theory and Modelling Systematics for the DESI 2024 results
• Gravity theories, Transverse Doppler and Gravitational Redshifts in Galaxy Clusters
• New H-band Galaxy Number Counts: A Large Local Hole in the Galaxy Distribution?
• The Local Distance Network: a community consensus report on the measurement of the Hubble constant at 1% precision
• Impact of local structure on the cosmic radio dipole
• Potential to identify neutrino mass ordering with reactor antineutrinos at JUNO
• The Local Hole: a galaxy under-density covering 90% of sky to ~200 Mpc
• Discovery of the local counterpart of disc galaxies at z > 4: The oldest thin disc of the Milky Way using Gaia-RVS
• 2MASS Constraints on the Local Large-Scale Structure: A Challenge to LCDM?
• No rungs attached: A distance-ladder free determination of the Hubble constant through type II supernova spectral modelling
• The formation and survival of the Milky Way's oldest stellar disk
• Newest measurements of Hubble constant from DESI 2024 BAO observations
• Is Dynamical Dark Energy Necessary? DESI BAO and Modified Recombination
• $\bar{T}$: A New Cosmological Parameter?
• The galaxy luminosity function and the Local Hole
• The El Gordo galaxy cluster challenges ΛCDM for any plausible collision velocity
• The redshift dependence of the inferred $H_0$ in a local void solution to the Hubble tension
• Discordance of dipole asymmetries seen in recent large radio surveys with the Cosmological Principle
• Testing the local void hypothesis using baryon acoustic oscillation measurements over the last twenty years
• Quantifying the CMB Degeneracy Between the Matter Density and Hubble Constant in Current Experiments
• Two per cent measurement of $H_0$ from Cepheids alone
• The kinematic contribution to the cosmic number count dipole
• Is there a dynamical tendency in H0 with late time measurements?
• Asteroseismic investigation of HD 140283: The Methuselah star
• Testing the local supervoid solution to the Hubble tension with direct distance tracers
• Cosmological Parameter Estimation with a Joint-Likelihood Analysis of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
• Comparing measures of the Hubble and BAO tensions in $\Lambda$CDM and possible solutions in $f(Q)$ gravity
• Determination of Hubble constant from Megamaser Cosmology Project using Profile Likelihood
• The oldest Milky Way stars: New constraints on the age of the Universe and the Hubble constant
• The subtle statistics of the distance ladder: On the distance prior and selection effects
• New $H(z)$ measurement at Redshift = 0.12 with DESI Data Release 1
• A Review on Resolving the Hubble Tension via Late-Universe Physics
• How precisely can we measure the ages of subgiant and giant stars?
• How does a MOND cosmology fare on Gpc scales? - Collisionless $N$-body simulations of $\nu$HDM
• Reconstructing a large-scale matter-density contrast profile to reconcile Pantheon+ supernovae with DESI DR2 BAO in an inhomogeneous universe
• Forward-modelling Milky Way Cepheids: selection effects and physical priors in the Gaia-HST calibration