Multiwavelength Analysis of PSR J0437-4715 with Pulse Profile Modeling

Abstract

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the nearby millisecond pulsar PSR J0437--4715, combining Hubble Space Telescope (HST) far-ultraviolet, ROSAT soft X-ray, and XMM-Newton X-ray data, to model its broadband emission and energy-resolved pulse profiles, and infer key stellar parameters via Bayesian inference. The broadband emission includes cold thermal, hot thermal, and non-thermal components: cold bulk surface emission is modeled with a non-magnetized partially-ionized hydrogen atmosphere; hot-spot emission adopts the pulse profile modeling technique with a non-magnetized fully-ionized hydrogen atmosphere model; and non-thermal emission is included as a phase-invariant power-law component. By adopting an informative prior on the hot-spot geometry informed by radio polarization position angle measurements, the joint multi-instrument analysis yields a statistically viable and radio-consistent solution with a gravitational mass of 1.38$\pm$0.03~M${}_{\odot }$ and an equatorial circumferential radius of 13.25${}_{-0.35}^{+0.34}$~km (68\% confidence intervals). The hot-spot geometry consists of two spherical caps with uniform temperature distributions: the primary hot spot is situated at a colatitude of $\approx$130${}^{\circ }$, and the secondary hot spot lies at a colatitude of $\approx$9${}^{\circ }$, close to the north pole. It yields tighter radius constraints than HST+ROSAT fits and shifts the radius posterior distribution to larger values relative to NICER-only fits. This work demonstrates the importance of multi-wavelength data in refining neutron star mass-radius measurements and resolving geometric degeneracies.

References in corpus (39)

• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• MultiNest: an efficient and robust Bayesian inference tool for cosmology and particle physics
• PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter
• A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation
• Neutron Star Structure and the Equation of State
• A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy
• The First Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-ray Pulsars
• Measuring the neutron star equation of state using X-ray timing
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: Second data release
• On the Nature of the X-ray Emission from the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658
• A NICER View of the Nearest and Brightest Millisecond Pulsar: PSR J0437$\unicode{x2013}$4715
• An updated mass-radius analysis of the 2017-2018 NICER data set of PSR J0030+0451
• 3D maps of interstellar dust in the Local Arm: using $Gaia$, 2MASS and APOGEE-DR14
• Constraining the Neutron Star Mass-Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER. II. Emission from Hot Spots on a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star
• Pulse profiles of millisecond pulsars and their Fourier amplitudes
• The Oblate Schwarzschild Approximation for Light Curves of Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
• The Nearest Millisecond Pulsar Revisited with XMM-Newton: Improved Mass-Radius Constraints for PSR J0437-4715
• A NICER view of PSR J0030+0451: evidence for a global-scale multipolar magnetic field
• Three-dimensional extinction maps: Inverting inter-calibrated extinction catalogues
• Light Curves for Rapidly-Rotating Neutron Stars
• Dust Grain-Size Distributions From MRN to MEM
• The Radius of PSR J0740+6620 from NICER with NICER Background Estimates
• A NICER View of PSR J1231$-$1411: A Complex Case
• Universality of the Acceleration Due to Gravity on the Surface of a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star
• The spectrum of the recycled PSR J0437-4715 and its white dwarf companion
• The Multipolar Magnetic Field of Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0030+0451
• The neutron star mass, distance, and inclination from precision timing of the brilliant millisecond pulsar J0437$-$4715
• Neutron star radius measurement from the ultraviolet and soft X-ray thermal emission of PSR J0437-4715
• A NICER view of the 1.4 solar-mass edge-on pulsar PSR J0614-3329
• A Numerical Model for the Multi-wavelength Lightcurves of PSR J0030+0451
• X-ray Lightcurves from Realistic Polar Cap Models: Inclined Pulsar Magnetospheres and Multipole Fields
• The NuSTAR view of the non-thermal emission from PSR J0437-4715
• Atmospheric Effects on Neutron Star Parameter Constraints with NICER
• Dense Matter in Neutron Stars with eXTP
• The low-frequency characteristics of PSR J0437-4715 observed with the Murchison Widefield Array
• PSR J1231-1411 revisited: Pulse Profile Analysis of X-ray Observation
• Relativistic force-free models of the thermal X-ray emission in millisecond pulsars observed by NICER
• Thermal x-ray studies of neutron stars and the equation of state
• Multi-wavelength emission modelling of PSR~J0437$-$4715