Testing new-physics scenarios with the combined LHAASO and Carpet-3 fluence spectrum of GRB 221009A: axion-like particles and Lorentz-invariance violation
arXiv:2510.07234 · doi:10.1134/S0021364025609297
Abstract
From gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A, very high-energy photons were detected: >10 TeV with LHAASO and >100 TeV with Carpet-3. Such energetic photons are expected to be absorbed via electron-positron pair production on their way to the Earth. Their observation might be explained by new physics, including Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) or photon mixing with axion-like particles (ALPs). Here, we construct a joint fluence spectrum by combining flux measurements from both experiments, and fit it under these hypotheses. While LIV can account for the Carpet-3 observation, it provides only a modest improvement over standard physics in the overall fit and requires parameters excluded by other constraints. ALP mixing improves the description of both LHAASO and Carpet-3 data, yielding a substantial enhancement in fit quality for a specific region of the ALP parameter space.
7 pages, 5 figures, JETP Letters style. V2: minor clarifications, results unchanged, accepted by JETP Letters
References in corpus (16)
- The extragalactic background light revisited and the cosmic photon-photon opacity
- An observational determination of the evolving extragalactic background light from the multiwavelength HST/CANDELS survey in the Fermi and CTA era
- Very high energy gamma-ray emission beyond 10 TeV from GRB 221009A
- Inspecting absorption in the spectra of extra-galactic gamma-ray sources for insight into Lorentz invariance violation
- A new upper limit on the axion-photon coupling with an extended CAST run with a Xe-based Micromegas detector
- Observability of the very-high-energy emission from GRB 221009A
- Possible Evidence for Lorentz Invariance Violation in Gamma-ray Burst 221009A
- Axion-like Particles Implications for High-Energy Astrophysics
- Constraints on Lorentz invariance violation from the LHAASO observation of GRB 221009A
- Towards a model of photon-axion conversion in the host galaxy of GRB 221009A
- Carpet-3 detection of a photon-like air shower with estimated primary energy above 100 TeV in a spatial and temporal coincidence with GRB 221009A
- Two-sided constraints on Lorentz Invariance violation from Tibet-AS and LHAASO Very-High-Energy photon observations
- Approaches to photon absorption in a Lorentz invariance violation scenario
- Hypothetical Lorentz invariance violation and the muon content of extensive air showers
- The 300 TeV photon from GRB 221009A: a Hint at Non-linear Lorentz Invariance Violation?
- Carpet-3 300 TeV Photon Event as an Evidence for Lorentz Violation