A multi-wavelength view of the multi-messenger sources NGC 1068 and PKS 1502+1061

Abstract

Multi-messenger astronomy offers a powerful approach to studying high-energy radiative processes in astrophysical sources. A notable example was seen in 2017, when the IceCube Neutrino Observatory detected a high-energy neutrino event that was found to coincide with a gamma-ray flare from a blazar. Since then, numerous multi-messenger studies combining neutrino and photon data have been conducted, yet the origin of neutrinos from active galactic nuclei (AGN) remains uncertain. In this work, we present the results of an X-ray observing program targeting two AGNs, NGC 1068 and PKS 1502+106. The multi-wavelength dataset includes new observations from NICER and NuSTAR from the observing proposal along with gamma-ray data collected using Fermi-LAT, and one archival observation from Chandra. Additionally, we derive the neutrino fluxes for both AGNs using ten years of IceCube data and neutrino spectra predicted by theoretical models. These results demonstrate the value of combining multi-messenger data in building and constraining theoretical models. They also highlight the importance of testing model predictions against observational data to refine measurements of both the neutrino flux and spectral shape.

References in corpus (15)

• HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS
• Incremental Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog
• Evidence for neutrino emission from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068
• Time-integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 years of IceCube Data
• An Empirical Background Model for the NICER X-ray Timing Instrument
• Hidden Hearts of Neutrino Active Galaxies
• High-Energy Neutrinos from Active Galactic Nuclei
• Probing the Emission Mechanism and Magnetic Field of Neutrino Blazars with Multi-Wavelength Polarization Signatures
• Leptohadronic Multimessenger Modeling of 324 Gamma-Ray Blazars
• Disentangling the Hadronic Components in NGC 1068
• A magnetized strongly turbulent corona as the source of neutrinos from NGC 1068
• Probing the circumnuclear absorbing medium of the buried AGN in NGC 1068 through NuSTAR observations
• High-energy Neutrinos from the Inner Circumnuclear Region of NGC 1068
• X-ray polarization measurement of the gold standard of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei : NGC 1068
• X-ray spectral and timing analysis of the Compton Thick Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068