A Moderate Albedo from Reflecting Aerosols on the Dayside of WASP-80 b Revealed by JWST/NIRISS Eclipse Spectroscopy

Abstract

Secondary eclipse observations of exoplanets at near-infrared wavelengths enable the detection of thermal emission and reflected stellar light, providing insights into the thermal structure and aerosol composition of their atmospheres. These properties are intertwined, as aerosols influence the energy budget of the planet. WASP-80 b is a warm gas giant with an equilibrium temperature of 825 K orbiting a bright late-K/early-M dwarf, and for which the presence of aerosols in its atmosphere have been suggested from previous HST and Spitzer observations. We present an eclipse spectrum of WASP-80 b obtained with JWST NIRISS/SOSS, spanning 0.68 to 2.83 $\mu$m, which includes the first eclipse measurements below 1.1 $\mu$m for this exoplanet, extending our ability to probe light reflected by its atmosphere. When a reflected light geometric albedo is included in the atmospheric retrieval, our eclipse spectrum is best explained by a reflected light contribution of $\sim$30 ppm at short wavelengths, although further observations are needed to statistically confirm this preference. We measure a dayside brightness temperature of $T_{\mathrm{B}}=811_{-70}^{+69}$ K and constrain the reflected light geometric albedo across the SOSS wavelength range to $A_{\mathrm{g}}=0.204_{-0.056}^{+0.051}$, allowing us to estimate a 1-$\sigma$ range for the Bond albedo of $0.148\lesssim A_{\mathrm{B}}\lesssim 0.383$. By comparing our spectrum with aerosol models, we find that manganese sulfide and silicate clouds are disfavored, while cloud species with weak-to-moderate near-infrared reflectance, along with soots or low formation-rate tholin hazes, are consistent with our eclipse spectrum.

Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal; 28 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables

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