Nuclear modification of $B_c$ mesons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions based on a linear Boltzmann transport model

Abstract

The nuclear modification factor ($R_{\mathrm{AA}}$) of $B_c$ mesons in high-energy nuclear collisions provides a novel probe of heavy quark interactions with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Based on a linear Boltzmann transport model that incorporates both Yukawa and string types of interactions between heavy quarks and the QGP, we study the production and evolution of heavy quarks and $B_c$ mesons within the same framework. A $B_c$ bound state dissociates while one of its constituent heavy quarks scatters with the QGP with momentum transfer greater than its binding energy. The medium-modified charm and bottom quarks can recombine into $B_c$ mesons, and the medium-modified bottom quarks can also fragment to $B_c$ mesons. We find that most primordial $B_c$ mesons generated from the initial hard collisions dissociate inside the QGP. The production of $B_c$ mesons is primarily driven by the recombination mechanism at low transverse momentum and fragmentation at high transverse momentum. The string interaction dominates over the Yukawa interaction in the nuclear modification of $B_c$ mesons. The participant number dependence of the $B_c$ meson $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is determined by the complicated interplay between the heavy quark yield, energy loss, and the QGP volume. We obtain a reasonable description of the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of $B_c$ mesons in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV, and provide predictions for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ GeV.

arXiv comment11 pages, 9 figures

References in corpus (65)

• PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual
• PYTHIA 6.2 Physics and Manual
• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• New Forms of QCD Matter Discovered at RHIC
• Theoretical predictions for charm and bottom production at the LHC
• Heavy-flavour and quarkonium production in the LHC era: from proton-proton to heavy-ion collisions
• (Non)Thermal Aspects of Charmonium Production and a New Look at J/$\psi$ Suppression
• EPPS16: Nuclear parton distributions with LHC data
• Enhanced J/Psi Production in Deconfined Quark Matter
• J/psi Production vs Centrality, Transverse Momentum, and Rapidity in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
• Properties of heavy quarkonia and B_c mesons in the relativistic quark model
• Multiple Scattering, Parton Energy Loss and Modified Fragmentation Functions in Deeply Inelastic eA Scattering
• First Results from Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC
• Mesons with Beauty and Charm: Spectroscopy
• The p_T Spectrum in Heavy-Flavour Photoproduction
• Quark Coalescence for Charmed Mesons in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Heavy Quark Energy Loss in Nuclear Medium
• Observation of sequential Upsilon suppression in PbPb collisions
• Colour Deconfinement and Quarkonium Binding
• Medium Modifications and Production of Charmonia at LHC
• Linearized Boltzmann transport model for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Heavy quark evolution
• Extraction of Heavy-Flavor Transport Coefficients in QCD Matter
• Matter in extremis: ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC
• Coalescence Models For Hadron Formation From Quark Gluon Plasma
• Observation of B_c Mesons in p-bar p Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV
• Centrality, rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of $J/\psi$ suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$=2.76 TeV
• Charmonium and bottomonium production in heavy-ion collisions
• Spectroscopy of B_c Mesons in the Relativized Quark Model
• Effects of initial flow velocity fluctuation in event-by-event (3+1)D hydrodynamics
• Thermal versus Direct $J/\Psi$ Production in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Heavy Quarkonia in Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Nuclear modification factor of D${}^0$ mesons in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Perturbative QCD Fragmentation Functions for $B_c$ and $B_c^{\ast }$ Production
• Hard collinear gluon radiation and multiple scattering in a medium
• Charmed Hadrons from Coalescence plus Fragmentation in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC and LHC
• Pseudorapidity distribution and decorrelation of anisotropic flow within CLVisc hydrodynamics
• Towards the determination of heavy-quark transport coefficients in quark-gluon plasma
• Static quark-antiquark potential in the quark-gluon plasma from lattice QCD
• Color Screening and Regeneration of Bottomonia in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Quarkonia and Heavy-Quark Relaxation Times in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Open Heavy-Flavor Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• BCVEGPY: An Event Generator for Hadronic Production of the B_c Meson
• Measurement of the B+/- meson nuclear modification factor in PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
• Upsilon Production as a Probe for Early State Dynamics in High Energy Nuclear Collisions at RHIC
• Mesons with Beauty and Charm: New Horizons in Spectroscopy
• Coupled Boltzmann Transport Equations of Heavy Quarks and Quarkonia in Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Quarkonium inside Quark-Gluon Plasma: Diffusion, Dissociation, Recombination and Energy Loss
• (3+1)-D viscous hydrodynamics CLVisc at finite net baryon density: identified particle spectra, anisotropic flows and flow fluctuations across BES energies
• Cracking the difference of estimating heavy quark transport coefficients in a Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Charmed hadron chemistry in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Power corrections in the quark-antiquark potential at finite temperature
• B_c Meson Production in Nuclear Collisions at RHIC
• Longitudinal fluctuations and decorrelations of anisotropic flows at the LHC and RHIC energies
• Measurement of the $B_c^{-}$ meson production fraction and asymmetry in 7 and 13 TeV $pp$ collisions
• Thermal Production of Charmonia at the LHC Energies
• Linear Boltzmann transport for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Inelastic processes and jet modification
• BCVEGPY2.2: A Newly Upgraded Version for Hadronic Production of the Meson $B_c$ and Its Excited States
• B_c meson enhancement and the momentum dependence in Pb+Pb collisions at LHC energy
• Observation of the B${}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+}$ meson in PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV and measurement of its nuclear modification factor
• Constraining the equation of state with heavy quarks in the quasi-particle model of QCD matter
• Recombination of $B_c$ mesons in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Gluon emission from heavy quarks in dense nuclear matter
• Charmonium Transport in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at the LHC
• $B_c^{+}$ Formation from Random Charm and Anti-bottom Quarks in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Reexamining charm versus bottom quark energy loss inside a color-deconfined medium

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Exploring parameter dependence of heavy-flavor dynamics in small collision systems