Luminal Scalar-Tensor theories for a not so dark Dark Energy
arXiv:2412.13460 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.111.L101501
Abstract
In general the speed of Gravitational Waves (GWs) in Scalar-Tensor modifications of Einstein's gravity is different from the speed of Light. Nevertheless, it has been measured that their speeds are nearly the same. For the most general Scalar-Tensor theories classified to date that do propagate a graviton -- DHOST, {\it including Horndeski and Beyond Horndeski (BH) theories} -- we show that, remarkably, up to 5 self-consistent couplings of the scalar of Dark Energy (DE) to the Photon are enough to make their GWs luminal in a wide set of cases. We find at least one Luminal Beyond Horndeski theory for which the GW decay into Dark Energy is suppressed in any cosmological background.
5 pages. Matches the version in PRD. Results unchanged. Expanded discussions in the final section
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