Results for pixel and strip centimeter-scale AC-LGAD sensors with a 120 GeV proton beam

Abstract

We present the results of an extensive evaluation of strip and pixel AC-LGAD sensors tested with a 120 GeV proton beam, focusing on the influence of design parameters on the sensor temporal and spatial resolutions. Results show that reducing the thickness of pixel sensors significantly enhances their time resolution, with 20 $\mu$m-thick sensors achieving around 20 ps. Uniform performance is attainable with optimized sheet resistance, making these sensors ideal for future timing detectors. Conversely, 20 $\mu$m-thick strip sensors exhibit higher jitter than similar pixel sensors, negatively impacting time resolution, despite reduced Landau fluctuations with respect to the 50 $\mu$m-thick versions. Additionally, it is observed that a low resistivity in strip sensors limits signal size and time resolution, whereas higher resistivity improves performance. This study highlights the importance of tuning the n${}^{+}$ sheet resistance and suggests that further improvements should target specific applications like the Electron-Ion Collider or other future collider experiments. In addition, the detailed performance of four AC-LGADs sensor designs is reported as examples of possible candidates for specific detector applications. These advancements position AC-LGADs as promising candidates for future 4D tracking systems, pending the development of specialized readout electronics.

References in corpus (7)

• Beam test results of a 16 ps timing system based on ultra-fast silicon detectors
• Resistive AC-Coupled Silicon Detectors: principles of operation and first results from a combined analysis of beam test and laser data
• First demonstration of 200, 100, and 50 um pitch Resistive AC-Coupled Silicon Detectors (RSD) with 100% fill-factor for 4D particle tracking
• Measurements of an AC-LGAD strip sensor with a 120 GeV proton beam
• 4D Tracking: Present Status and Perspective
• Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control
• Optimization of capacitive coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diode (AC-LGAD) sensors for precise time and spatial resolution

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Studying AC-LGAD strip sensors from laser and testbeam measurements
• Gain characterization of LGAD sensors with beta particles and 28-MeV protons