Constraining the stochastic gravitational wave background using the future lunar seismometers

Abstract

Motivated by the old idea of using the moon as a resonant gravitational-wave (GW) detector, as well as the recent updates in modeling the lunar response to GWs, we re-evaluate the feasibility of using a network of lunar seismometers to constrain the stochastic GW background (SGWB). In particular, using the updated model of the lunar response, we derive the pattern functions for the two polarizations of GW. With these pattern functions, we further calculate the overlap reduction functions for a network of lunar seismometers, where we have relaxed the conventional assumption that lunar seismometers are perfectly leveled to measure only the vertical acceleration. We apply our calculation to two future lunar projects, namely, Chang'e and the Lunar Gravitational-Wave Antenna (LGWA). We find that the two projects could constrain the SGWB to a level of ${\Omega }_{\text{GW}}^{\text{Chang’e}}<2.4\times 10^2$ and ${\Omega }_{\text{GW}}^{\text{LGWA}}<2.0\times 10^{-10}$, respectively, which corresponds to a signal-to-noise ratio of SNR $=3$. These results are better than the constraints placed previously on the SGWB in the mid-frequency band (around $10^{-3}-10\text{Hz}$) by various types of experiments.

Accepted for publication in Physical Review D

References in corpus (18)

• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• TianQin: a space-borne gravitational wave detector
• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• Detecting a stochastic background of gravitational radiation: Signal processing strategies and sensitivities
• KAGRA: 2.5 Generation Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector
• The Gravitational Wave Background from Cosmological Compact Binaries
• Stochastic Gravitational Wave Production After Inflation
• Gravitational wave background from binary systems
• The Missing Link in Gravitational-Wave Astronomy: Discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
• Characterization of the stochastic signal originating from compact binaries populations as measured by LISA
• Lunar Gravitational-Wave Antenna
• Constraining the gravitational wave energy density of the Universe using Earth's ring
• Constraining the gravitational wave energy density of the Universe in the Range 0.1 Hz to 1 Hz using the Apollo Seismic Array
• Upper Limit on a Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves from Seismic Measurements in the Range 0.05 Hz to 1 Hz
• The payload of the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna
• Towards a Consistent Calculation of the Lunar Response to Gravitational Waves
• Upper limit on the amplitude of gravitational waves around 0.1Hz from the Global Positioning System
• Limits on the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background and Prospects for Single Source Detection with GRACE Follow-On

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Space-based optical lattice clocks as gravitational wave detectors in search for new physics
• Probing intermediate-mass black hole binaries with the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna
• Prospects for joint multiband detection of intermediate-mass black holes by LGWA and the Einstein Telescope
• Identifying the Quadrupolar Nature of Gravitational Wave Background through Space-based Missions