How the presence of a giant planet affects the outcome of terrestrial planet formation simulations

Abstract

The architecture and masses of planetary systems in the habitable zone could be strongly influenced by outer giant planets, if present. We investigate here the impact of outer giants on terrestrial planet formation, under the assumption that the final assembly of the planetary system is set by a giant impact phase. Utilizing a state-of-the-art N-body simulation software, GENGA, we interpret how the late stage of terrestrial planet formation results in diversity within planetary systems. We design two global model setups: in the first we place a gas giant on the outer side of planetesimals and embryos disk, while the other only has planetesimals and embryos but no giant. For the model including the outer giant, we study the effect of different giant initial masses, in the range 1.0-3.0 Jupiter mass, and orbital radii, in the range 2.0-5.8 AU.We also study the influence of different initial positions of planetesimals and embryos on the results. Our N-body simulation time is approximately 50 Myr. The results show that the existence of outer giant will promote the interaction between planetesimals and embryos, making the orbits of the formed terrestrial planets more compact, but placing the giant planet too close to the planetesimals and embryos disk suppresses the formation of massive rocky planets. In addition, under the classical theory, where planetary embryos and planetesimals collide to form terrestrial planets, our results show that the presence of a giant planet actually decreases the gap complexity of the inner planetary system.

arXiv comment12 pages, 15 figures

References in corpus (54)

• Disk Frequencies and Lifetimes in Young Clusters
• REBOUND: An open-source multi-purpose N-body code for collisional dynamics
• The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems
• Architecture and Dynamics of Kepler's Candidate Multiple Transiting Planet Systems
• IAS15: A fast, adaptive, high-order integrator for gravitational dynamics, accurate to machine precision over a billion orbits
• Making other Earths: Dynamical Simulations of Terrestrial Planet Formation and Water Delivery
• Breaking the Chains: Hot Super-Earth systems from migration and disruption of compact resonant chains
• High-resolution simulations of the final assembly of Earth-like planets 1: terrestrial accretion and dynamics
• Migration and the formation of systems of hot super-Earths and Neptunes
• The California-Kepler Survey V. Peas in a Pod: Planets in a Kepler Multi-planet System are Similar in Size and Regularly Spaced
• Formation of the Terrestrial Planets from a Narrow Annulus
• How to form planetesimals from mm-sized chondrules and chondrule aggregates
• Formation of planetary systems by pebble accretion and migration: How the radial pebble flux determines a terrestrial-planet or super-Earth growth mode
• The Complete Census of 70-um-Bright Debris Disks within the FEPS (Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems) Spitzer Legacy Survey of Sun-like Stars
• Exotic Earths: Forming Habitable Worlds with Giant Planet Migration
• N-body simulations of planetary accretion around M dwarf stars
• Modeling the Formation of Giant Planet Cores I: Evaluating Key Processes
• Mars' Growth Stunted by an Early Giant Planet Instability
• Debris disks as signposts of terrestrial planet formation
• Gas disks to gas giants: Simulating the birth of planetary systems
• Hot super-Earths and giant planet cores from different migration histories
• Hybrid Symplectic Integrators for Planetary Dynamics
• AMD-stability and the classification of planetary systems
• Global Models of Planet Formation and Evolution
• Lunar and Terrestrial Planet Formation in the Grand Tack Scenario
• Planetesimal rings as the cause of the Solar System's planetary architecture
• The Frequency of Giant impacts on Earth-like Worlds
• Debris disks as signposts of terrestrial planet formation. II Dependence of exoplanet architectures on giant planet and disk properties
• The GENGA Code: Gravitational Encounters in N-body simulations with GPU Acceleration
• Catching drifting pebbles I. Enhanced pebble accretion efficiencies for eccentric planets
• Terrestrial Planet Formation at Home and Abroad
• The Feeding Zones of Terrestrial Planets and Insights into Moon Formation
• Oligarchic and giant impact growth of terrestrial planets in the presence of gas giant planet migration
• The Search for other Earths: limits on the giant planet orbits that allow habitable terrestrial planets to form
• Evolutionary Tracks of Trapped, Accreting Protoplanets: the Origin of the Observed Mass-Period Relation
• Formation and accretion history of terrestrial planets from runaway growth through to late time: implications for orbital eccentricity
• The Effect of an Early Planetesimal-Driven Migration of the Giant Planets on Terrestrial Planet Formation
• An information theoretic framework for classifying exoplanetary system architectures
• Analysis of terrestrial planet formation by the Grand Tack model: System architecture and tack location
• The Role of Early Giant Planet Instability in the Terrestrial Planet Formation
• The effect of type I migration on the formation of terrestrial planets in hot-Jupiter systems
• The Kepler Giant Planet Search. I: A Decade of Kepler Planet-host Radial Velocities from W. M. Keck Observatory
• Excitation and depletion of the asteroid belt in the early instability scenario
• A machine learns to predict the stability of circumbinary planets
• Mean motion resonance capture in the context of type-I migration
• Inner Planetary System Gap Complexity is a Predictor of Outer Giant Planets
• The terrestrial planet formation paradox inferred from high-resolution N-body simulations
• Planetary formation and water delivery in the habitable zone around solar-type stars in different dynamical environments
• An advanced multipole model for (216) Kleopatra triple system
• A race against the clock: Constraining the timing of cometary bombardment relative to Earth's growth
• Formation of Solar system analogues II: post-gas phase growth and water accretion in extended discs via N-body simulations
• Analyzing the Habitable Zones of Circumbinary Planets Using Machine Learning
• Formation of inner planets in the presence of a Cold Jupiter: orbital evolution and relative velocities of planetesimals
• Selective Aggregation Experiments on Planetesimal Formation and Mercury-Like Planets

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Detection and characterisation of a 106-day transiting Jupiter : TOI-2449 b / NGTS-36 b
• How stellar mass and disc size shape the formation and migration of super-Earths
• The Longest-period Young Transiting Exoplanets. A Duo of Puffy Giants inside a Debris Disk
• Coupling dynamical accretion and chemical differentiation: A unified framework for the diversity of Earth and Mars