Dynamical Architectures of S-type Transiting Planets in Binaries I: Target Selection using Hipparcos and Gaia proper motion anomalies

Abstract

The effect of stellar multiplicity on planetary architecture and orbital dynamics provides an important context for exoplanet demographics. We present a volume-limited catalog up to 300 pc of 66 stars hosting planets and planet candidates from Kepler, K2 and TESS with significant Hipparcos-Gaia proper motion anomalies, which indicate the presence of companions. We assess the reliability of each transiting planet candidate using ground-based follow-up observations, and find that the TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) with significant proper motion anomalies show nearly four times more false positives due to Eclipsing Binaries compared to TOIs with marginal proper motion anomalies. In addition, we find tentative evidence that orbital periods of planets orbiting TOIs with significant proper motion anomalies are shorter than those orbiting TOIs without significant proper motion anomalies, consistent with the scenario that stellar companions can truncate planet-forming disks. Furthermore, TOIs with significant proper motion anomalies exhibit lower Gaia differential velocities in comparison to field stars with significant proper motion anomalies, suggesting that planets are more likely to form in binary systems with low-mass substellar companions or stellar companions at wider separation. Finally, we characterize the three-dimensional architecture of LTT 1445 ABC using radial velocities, absolute astrometry from Gaia and Hipparcos, and relative astrometry from imaging. Our analysis reveals that LTT 1445 is a nearly flat system, with a mutual inclination of 2.88 deg between the orbit of BC around A and that of C around B. The coplanarity may explain why multiple planets around LTT 1445 A survive in the dynamically hostile environment of this system.

28 pages, 9 figures, published by AJ

References in corpus (75)

• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars
• The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early results
• Planet Occurrence within 0.25 AU of Solar-type Stars from Kepler
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler, III: Analysis of the First 16 Months of Data
• The Keck Planet Search: Detectability and the Minimum Mass and Orbital Period Distribution of Extrasolar Planets
• The NASA Exoplanet Archive: Data and Tools for Exoplanet Research
• Kepler Eclipsing Binary Stars. II. 2165 Eclipsing Binaries in the Second Data Release
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. VIII. A Fully Automated Catalog With Measured Completeness and Reliability Based on Data Release 25
• Stellar and substellar companions of nearby stars from Gaia DR2 - Binarity from proper motion anomaly
• The TESS Objects of Interest Catalog from the TESS Prime Mission
• A Planetary Companion to gamma Cephei A
• Stellar Spin-Orbit Misalignment in a Multiplanet System
• The K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) and Stellar Classifications of 138,600 Targets in Campaigns 1-8
• The Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations: Gaia EDR3 Edition
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler VI: Planet Sample from Q1-Q16 (47 Months)
• The Impact of Stellar Multiplicity on Planetary Systems, I.: The Ruinous Influence of Close Binary Companions
• The Kepler Follow-Up Observation Program. I. A Catalog of Companions to Kepler Stars from High-Resolution Imaging
• SOAR TESS Survey. I: Sculpting of TESS planetary systems by stellar companions
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. VII. The First Fully Uniform Catalog Based on The Entire 48 Month Dataset (Q1-Q17 DR24)
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler IV: Planet Sample From Q1-Q8 (22 Months)
• An ancient extrasolar system with five sub-Earth-size planets
• Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler V: Planet Sample from Q1-Q12 (36 Months)
• A public HARPS radial velocity database corrected for systematic errors
• Circumstellar and Circumbinary Disks in Eccentric Stellar Binaries
• Precise Dynamical Masses of Directly Imaged Companions from Relative Astrometry, Radial Velocities, and Hipparcos-Gaia DR2 Accelerations
• Dynamical Formation of Close Binaries During the Pre-main-sequence Phase
• Terrestrial Planet Formation Around Individual Stars Within Binary Star Systems
• Impact of Binary Stars on Planet Statistics -- I. Planet Occurrence Rates, Trends with Stellar Mass, and Wide Companions to Hot Jupiter Hosts
• TESS's first planet: a super-Earth transiting the naked-eye star $\pi$ Mensae
• orvara: An Efficient Code to Fit Orbits using Radial Velocity, Absolute, and/or Relative Astrometry
• Resolved young binary systems and their disks
• Observational constraints on dust disk sizes in tidally truncated protoplanetary disks in multiple systems in the Taurus region
• New planetary and EB candidates from Campaigns 1-6 of the K2 mission
• Protoplanetary Disks in $\rho$ Ophiuchus as Seen From ALMA
• Transiting exoplanet candidates from K2 Campaigns 5 and 6
• The Solar Neighborhood XXVIII: The Multiplicity Fraction of Nearby Stars from 5 to 70 AU and the Brown Dwarf Desert Around M Dwarfs
• Three Red Suns in the Sky: A Transiting, Terrestrial Planet in a Triple M Dwarf System at 6.9 Parsecs
• Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT) V: A Uniform Search for Transiting Planets in Young Clusters Observed by K2
• Speckle Observations of TESS Exoplanet Host Stars. II. Stellar Companions at 1-1000 AU and Implications for Small Planet Detection
• The ELODIE survey for northern extra-solar planets IV. HD196885, a close binary star with a 3.7-year planet
• K2 Variable Catalogue: Variable Stars and Eclipsing Binaries in K2 Campaigns 1 and 0
• Evidence for a high mutual inclination between the cold Jupiter and transiting super Earth orbiting $\pi$ Men
• Understanding the Impacts of Stellar Companions on Planet Formation and Evolution: A Survey of Stellar and Planetary Companions within 25 pc
• Orbital Architectures of Planet-Hosting Binaries: I. Forming Five Small Planets in the Truncated Disk of Kepler-444A
• On the Likelihood of Planet Formation in Close Binaries
• A probable planetary companion to HD 39091 from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
• Detection of Hundreds of New Planet Candidates and Eclipsing Binaries in K2 Campaigns 0-8
• A precise architecture characterization of the $\pi$ Men planetary system
• Discovery and Vetting of Exoplanets I: Benchmarking K2 Vetting Tools
• SOAR TESS Survey. II: The impact of stellar companions on planetary populations
• Influence of Stellar Multiplicity On Planet Formation. IV. Adaptive Optics Imaging of Kepler Stars With Multiple Transiting Planet Candidates
• Hot, rocky and warm, puffy super-Earths orbiting TOI-402 (HD 15337)
• Speckle Observations of TESS Exoplanet Host Stars: Understanding the Binary Exoplanet Host Star Orbital Period Distribution
• A Second Planet Transiting LTT 1445A and a Determination of the Masses of Both Worlds
• Stellar Multiplicity and Debris Disks: An Unbiased Sample
• The Transiting Multi-planet System HD15337: Two Nearly Equal-mass Planets Straddling the Radius Gap
• A transiting warm giant planet around the young active star TOI-201
• The Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA). II. The effect of stellar multiplicity on disc properties
• Orbital Architectures of Planet-Hosting Binaries II. Low Mutual Inclinations Between Planetary and Stellar Orbits
• A significant mutual inclination between the planets within the $\pi$ Mensae system
• Effects of Disk Warping on the Inclination Evolution of Star-Disk-Binary Systems
• TESS-Keck Survey IX: Masses of Three Sub-Neptunes Orbiting HD 191939 and the Discovery of a Warm Jovian Plus a Distant Sub-Stellar Companion
• Mass, Density, and Formation Constraints in the Compact, Sub-Earth Kepler-444 System including Two Mars-Mass Planets
• HD 191939 revisited: New and refined planet mass determinations, and a new planet in the habitable zone
• The Effects of Stellar Companions on Exoplanet Radius Distributions
• Long Period Jovian Tilts the Orbits of Two sub-Neptunes Relative to Stellar Spin Axis in Kepler-129
• HD 191939: Three Sub-Neptunes Transiting a Sun-like Star Only 54 pc Away
• A Mini-Neptune from TESS and CHEOPS Around the 120 Myr Old AB Dor member HIP 94235
• Planetary system around LTT 1445A unveiled by ESPRESSO: Multiple planets in a triple M-dwarf system
• A Radial Velocity Study of the Planetary System of Pi Mensae: Improved Planet Parameters for PI Mensae c and a Third Planet on a 125-d Orbit
• Binary companions triggering fragmentation in self-gravitating discs
• Revising Properties of Planet-Host Binary Systems. III. There is No Observed Radius Gap For Kepler Planets in Binary Star Systems
• On the Stellar Companion to the Exoplanet Hosting Star 30 Arietis B
• The McDonald Accelerating Stars Survey (MASS): Architecture of the Ancient Five-Planet Host System Kepler-444

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Dynamical Architectures of S-type Transiting Planets in Binaries II: A Dichotomy in Orbital Alignment of Small Planets in Close Binary Systems