Zeeman and Orbital Driven Phase Transitions in Planar Josephson Junctions

Abstract

We perform supercurrent and tunneling spectroscopy measurements on gate-tunable InAs/Al Josephson junctions (JJs) in an in-plane magnetic field, and report on phase shifts in the current-phase relation measured with respect to an absolute phase reference. The impact of orbital effects is investigated by studying multiple devices with different superconducting lead sizes. At low fields, we observe gate-dependent phase shifts of up to ${\phi }_0=0.5\pi$ which are consistent with a Zeeman field coupling to highly-transmissive Andreev bound states via Rashba spin-orbit interaction. A distinct phase shift emerges at larger fields, concomitant with a switching current minimum and the closing and reopening of the superconducting gap. These signatures of an induced phase transition, which might resemble a topological transition, scale with the superconducting lead size, demonstrating the crucial role of orbital effects. Our results elucidate the interplay of Zeeman, spin-orbit and orbital effects in InAs/Al JJs, giving new understanding to phase transitions in hybrid JJs and their applications in quantum computing and superconducting electronics.

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• Ferromagnetic Materials for Josephson π Junctions
• Link between supercurrent diode and anomalous Josephson effect revealed by gate-controlled interferometry
• Progress in superconductor-semiconductor topological Josephson junctions
• Fermion-parity qubit in a proximitized double quantum dot
• InAs on Insulator: A New Platform for Cryogenic Hybrid Superconducting Electronics
• Cryogenic Behavior of High-Permittivity Gate Dielectrics: The Impact of the Atomic Layer Deposition Temperature and the Lithographic Patterning Method
• Josephson Field Effect Transistors with InAs on Insulator and High Permittivity Gate Dielectrics
• Spontaneous supercurrents and vortex depinning in two-dimensional arrays of ${\phi }_0$-junctions
• Determination of the current-phase relation of an InAs 2DEG Josephson junction with a microwave resonator