Rapid Variability of the accretion disk wind in the narrow line Seyfert 1, PG 1448+273

Abstract

PG 1448+273 is a luminous, nearby ($z=0.0645$), narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxy, which likely accretes close to the Eddington limit. XMM-Newton observations of PG 1448+273 in 2017 revealed the presence of an ultra fast outflow, as seen through its blueshifted iron K absorption profile, with an outflow velocity of about $0.1c$. Here, the first NuSTAR observation of PG 1448+273, performed in 2022 and coordinated with XMM-Newton is presented, which shows remarkable variability of its ultra fast outflow. The average count rate is a factor of 2 lower during the last 60 ks of the NuSTAR observation, where a much faster component of the ultra fast outflow was detected with a terminal velocity of $0.26\pm 0.04c$. This is significantly faster than the outflow component which was initially detected in 2017, when overall PG 1448+273 was observed at a lower X-ray flux and which implies an order of magnitude increase in the wind kinetic power between the 2017 and 2022 epochs. Furthermore, the rapid variability of the ultra fast outflow in 2022, on timescales down to 10 ks, suggests we are viewing through a highly inhomogeneous disk wind in PG 1448+273, where the passage of a denser wind clump could account for the increase in obscuration in the last 60 ks of the NuSTAR observation.

arXiv comment15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

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