Evolution of $1/f$ Flux Noise in Superconducting Qubits with Weak Magnetic Fields

Abstract

The microscopic origin of $1/f$ magnetic flux noise in superconducting circuits has remained an open question for several decades despite extensive experimental and theoretical investigation. Recent progress in superconducting devices for quantum information has highlighted the need to mitigate sources of qubit decoherence, driving a renewed interest in understanding the underlying noise mechanism(s). Though a consensus has emerged attributing flux noise to surface spins, their identity and interaction mechanisms remain unclear, prompting further study. Here we apply weak in-plane magnetic fields to a capacitively-shunted flux qubit (where the Zeeman splitting of surface spins lies below the device temperature) and study the flux-noise-limited qubit dephasing, revealing previously unexplored trends that may shed light on the dynamics behind the emergent $1/f$ noise. Notably, we observe an enhancement (suppression) of the spin-echo (Ramsey) pure dephasing time in fields up to $B=100\text{G}$. With direct noise spectroscopy, we further observe a transition from a $1/f$ to approximately Lorentzian frequency dependence below 10 Hz and a reduction of the noise above 1 MHz with increasing magnetic field. We suggest that these trends are qualitatively consistent with an increase of spin cluster sizes with magnetic field. These results should help to inform a complete microscopic theory of $1/f$ flux noise in superconducting circuits.

References in corpus (39)

• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play
• Dynamical decoupling and noise spectroscopy with a superconducting flux qubit
• Electron spin coherence exceeding seconds in high purity silicon
• Building logical qubits in a superconducting quantum computing system
• 1/f noise: implications for solid-state quantum information
• The Flux Qubit Revisited to Enhance Coherence and Reproducibility
• Towards understanding two-level-systems in amorphous solids -- Insights from quantum circuits
• Decoherence of flux qubits due to 1/f flux noise
• High Kinetic Inductance Superconducting Nanowire Resonators for Circuit QED in a Magnetic Field
• Millisecond charge-parity fluctuations and induced decoherence in a superconducting qubit
• Measurement and Control of Quasiparticle Dynamics in a Superconducting Qubit
• 1/f Flux Noise in Josephson Phase Qubits
• Dephasing of a superconducting flux qubit
• Magnetism in SQUIDs at Millikelvin Temperatures
• Rotating-frame relaxation as a noise spectrum analyzer of a superconducting qubit undergoing driven evolution
• Microscopic origin of low frequency flux noise in Josephson circuits
• Observation of classical-quantum crossover of 1/f flux noise and its paramagnetic temperature dependence
• Spectroscopy of low-frequency noise and its temperature dependence in a superconducting qubit
• Trapping a single vortex and reducing quasiparticles in a superconducting resonator
• Two-level systems in superconducting quantum devices due to trapped quasiparticles
• Characterizing and optimizing qubit coherence based on SQUID geometry
• Suppression of 1/f noise in solid state quantum devices by surface spin desorption
• Evolution of Nanowire Transmons and Their Quantum Coherence in Magnetic Field
• Direct identification of dilute surface spins on Al${}_2$O${}_3$: Origin of flux noise in quantum circuits
• Geometrical dependence of low frequency noise in superconducting flux qubits
• Implementation of a transmon qubit using superconducting granular aluminum
• Superconducting granular aluminum resonators resilient to magnetic fields up to 1 Tesla
• Noise correlations in a flux qubit with tunable tunnel coupling
• Magnetic-field resilience of 3D transmons with thin-film Al/AlO${}_x$/Al Josephson junctions approaching 1 T
• Magnetic-Field-Compatible Superconducting Transmon Qubit
• Evidence for temperature dependent spin-diffusion as a mechanism of intrinsic flux noise in SQUIDs
• Transmon Qubit in a Magnetic Field: Evolution of Coherence and Transition Frequency
• Flux $1/f^{\alpha }$ noise in 2D Heisenberg spin glasses: effects of weak anisotropic interactions
• H-T phase diagram of the bi-dimensional Ising model with exchange and dipolar interactions
• An Ising-Glauber Spin Cluster Model for Temperature Dependent Magnetization Noise in SQUIDs
• Spin Diffusion and Relaxation in a Nonuniform Magnetic Field
• 1/f Flux Noise in low-T${}_c$ SQUIDs due to Superparamagnetic Phase Transitions in Defect Clusters
• Flux noise in disordered spin systems

Cited by in corpus (20)

• Phonon engineering of atomic-scale defects in superconducting quantum circuits
• Robust Quantum Gates against Correlated Noise in Integrated Quantum Chips
• Decoherence induced by a sparse bath of two-level fluctuators: peculiar features of $1/f$ noise in high-quality qubits
• Self-consistent dynamical maps for open quantum systems
• Dephasing in Fluxonium Qubits from Coherent Quantum Phase Slips
• Spin Environment of a Superconducting Qubit in High Magnetic Fields
• Charge-parity switching effects and optimisation of transmon-qubit design parameters
• Robust gates with spin-locked superconducting qubits
• Dissipative Landau-Zener tunneling in the crossover regime from weak to strong environment coupling
• Fidelity-Enhanced Variational Quantum Optimal Control
• Flux qubit-based detector of microwave photons
• In situ Qubit Frequency Tuning Circuit for Scalable Superconducting Quantum Computing: Scheme and Experiment
• Telegraph flux noise induced beating Ramsey fringe in transmon qubits
• Noisy Demkov-Kunike model
• Open-loop quantum control of small-size networks for high-order cumulants and cross-correlations sensing
• Environment-Mediated Long-Ranged Correlations in Many-Body System
• Sparse Non-Markovian Noise Modeling of Transmon-Based Multi-Qubit Operations
• Transmon-assisted high-fidelity controlled-Z gates for integer fluxonium qubits
• Field-free Superconducting Diode Effect and Topological Fulde-Ferrell Superconductivity in Altermagnetic Shiba Chains
• Exploring the Fidelity of Flux Qubit Measurement in Different Bases via the Quantum Flux Parametron