Deep search for gamma-ray emission from the accreting X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262

Abstract

Binary systems are a well-established subclass of gamma-ray sources. The high mass X-ray binary pulsar 1A~0535+262 has been considered to be a possible gamma-ray emitter for a long time, although former gamma-ray searches using \textit{Fermi}-LAT and VERITAS data resulted in upper limits only. We aim at a deep search for gamma-ray emission and pulsations from 1A~0535+262 using more than 13 years of \textit{Fermi}-LAT data. The analysis was performed for both the whole \textit{Fermi}-LAT data set, as well as for the X-ray outbursts that 1A~0535+262 has experienced since the launch of \textit{Fermi}. Various X-ray observations have been used to generate the ephemeris for the pulsation search. We also investigate the long-term gamma-ray flux variability and perform orbital phase-resolved analysis for the outbursts. We did not detect any steady or pulsed gamma-ray emission from 1A~0535+262 during the whole \textit{Fermi}-LAT mission span or its X-ray outbursts. We thus derived the deepest gamma-ray luminosity upper limits to date at the 95\% confidence level to be around (2.3$-$4.7)$\times 10^{32}\mathrm{erg}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ depending on different spectral indices assumed, which results in a ratio of $L_{\gamma }$ to $L_{\mathrm{X}}$ (2$-$150 keV) being (1.9$-$3.9)$\times 10^{-6}$.

arXiv comment15 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (50)

• Estimating distances from parallaxes IV: Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia Data Release 2
• TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. I: Overview
• A Radio Pulsar/X-ray Binary Link
• Swings between rotation and accretion power in a millisecond binary pulsar
• Science with e-ASTROGAM (A space mission for MeV-GeV gamma-ray astrophysics)
• Very High Energy Gamma-ray Radiation from the Stellar-mass Black Hole Cygnus X-1
• A state change in the missing link binary pulsar system PSR J1023+0038
• Discovery of extreme particle acceleration in the microquasar Cygnus X-3
• Very high energy particle acceleration powered by the jets of the microquasar SS 433
• Improving Sensitivity to Weak Pulsations with Photon Probability Weighting
• The distances to the X-ray binaries LSI +61 303 and A0535+262
• An evolving jet from a strongly-magnetised accreting X-ray pulsar
• Detection of gamma rays of likely jet origin in Cygnus X-1
• Pulsating in unison at optical and X-ray energies: simultaneous high-time resolution observations of the transitional millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038
• Simultaneous Chandra and VLA Observations of the Transitional Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1023+0038: Anti-correlated X-ray and Radio Variability
• A propeller scenario for the gamma-ray emission of low-mass X-ray binaries: The case of XSS J12270-4859
• Searching a Thousand Radio Pulsars for Gamma-ray Emission
• Propagation of very high energy gamma-rays inside massive binaries LS 5039 and LSI +61 303
• High-energy gamma-rays from Cyg X-1
• A comprehensive study of high-energy gamma-ray and radio emission from Cyg X-3
• Multi-wavelength observations of the transitional millisecond pulsar binary XSSJ12270-4859
• Neutrinos from Accreting Neutron Stars
• Pulsar wind zone processes in LS 5039
• Variable gamma-ray emission from the Be/X-ray transient A0535+26?
• A 0535+26: Back in business
• Pulsar wind-heated accretion disk and the origin of modes in transitional millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038
• Calibrations of the Compton Spectrometer and Imager
• Search for transitions between states in redbacks and black widows using seven years of Fermi-LAT observations
• A double-peaked outburst of A 0535+26 observed with INTEGRAL, RXTE, and Suzaku
• Extending the Event-weighted Pulsation Search to Very Faint Gamma-ray Sources
• Gamma-ray heartbeat powered by the microquasar SS 433
• New insight into the origin of the GeV flare in the binary system PSR B1259-63 from the 2017 periastron passage
• H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT observations of PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 during its 2014 and 2017 periastron passages
• Optical and ultraviolet pulsed emission from an accreting millisecond pulsar
• Gamma-ray observations of the Be/pulsar binary 1A 0535+262 during a giant X-ray outburst
• TeV Gamma-rays from accreting magnetars in massive binaries
• Timing properties of the X-ray accreting pulsar 1A 0535+262 studied with Insight-HXMT
• GeV-TeV Counterparts of SS 433/W50 from Fermi-LAT and HAWC Observations
• SAX J1808.4-3658, an accreting millisecond pulsar shining in gamma rays?
• Gamma-rays from SS433: evidence for periodicity
• FERMI observation of the jets of the microquasar SS433
• Study of timing and spectral properties of the X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262 during the giant outburst in 2020 November-December
• Very high energy gamma-ray emission from X-ray transients during major outbursts
• INTEGRAL and Swift observations of the Be X-ray binary 4U 1036-56 (RX J1037.5-5647) and its possible relation with gamma-ray transients
• The Galactic high mass X-ray binary population with Fermi -LAT
• The semicentennial binary system PSR J2032+4127 at periastron: X-ray photometry, optical spectroscopy and SPH modelling
• TeV neutrinos from accreting X-ray pulsars
• Phase dependent evolution within large luminosity range of 1A 0535+262 observed by Insight-HXMT during 2020 giant outburst
• TeV and optical observations of the Be/pulsar binary 1A0535+262 during the 2020 giant outburst
• Luminosity dependence of the cyclotron line energy in 1A 0535+262 observed by Insight-HXMT during 2020 giant outburst

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Beam pattern evolution of accreting X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262 during its 2020 giant outburst
• Cyclotron line evolution revealed with pulse-to-pulse analysis in the 2020 outburst of 1A 0535+262
• X-ray Polarimetry of the accreting pulsar 1A~0535+262 in the supercritical state with PolarLight