A comprehensive study of high-energy gamma-ray and radio emission from Cyg X-3

Abstract

We study high-energy $\gamma$-rays observed from Cyg X-3 by the Fermi Large Area Telescope and the 15-GHz emission observed by the Ryle Telescope and the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager. We measure the $\gamma$-ray spectrum averaged over strong flares much more accurately than before, and find it well modelled by Compton scattering of stellar radiation by relativistic electrons with the power law index of $\simeq$3.5 and a low-energy cutoff at the Lorentz factor of $\sim 10^3$. We find a weaker spectrum in the soft spectral state, but only upper limits in the hard and intermediate states. We measure strong orbital modulation during the flaring state, well modelled by anisotropic Compton scattering of blackbody photons from the donor by jet relativistic electrons. We discover a weaker orbital modulation of the 15 GHz radio emission, which is well modelled by free-free absorption by the stellar wind. We then study cross-correlations between radio, $\gamma$-ray and X-ray emissions. We find the cross-correlation between the radio and $\gamma$-ray emissions peaks at a lag less than 1 d, while we detect a distinct radio lag of $\sim$50 d with respect to the soft X-rays in the soft spectral state.

arXiv commentMNRAS, in press, 17 pages

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• The Period Change and Long-Term Variability of Cyg X-3
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• Jets in the soft state in Cyg X-3 caused by advection of the donor magnetic field and unification with low-mass X-ray binaries
• Inverse Compton Emission from Relativistic Jets in Binary Systems
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• Possible Evidence of a Universal Radio/X-ray Correlation in a near-Complete Sample of Hard X-ray Selected Seyfert Galaxies
• An update on Fermi-LAT transients in the Galactic plane, including strong activity of Cygnus X-3 in mid-2020
• Evidence for a black hole spin--orbit misalignment in the X-ray binary Cyg X-1
• Gamma-ray observations of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst
• The persistent radio jet coupled to hard X-rays in the soft state of Cyg X-1
• INTEGRAL discovery of a high-energy tail in the microquasar Cygnus X-3
• Radio/X-ray Correlation in the Mini-Outburts of Black Hole X-ray Transient GRS 1739--278
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• Investigating the mini and giant radio flare episodes of Cygnus X-3
• Eclipses of jets and discs of X-ray binaries as a powerful tool for understanding jet physics and binary parameters
• Galactic transient sources with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
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• Study of the Cygnus X-3 Microquasar with the RATAN-600 Radio telescope in Multi-Azimuth Observing Mode
• Strong low-frequency radio flaring from Cygnus X-3 observed with LOFAR
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• Pair-Regulated Klein-Nishina Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection with Applications to Blazars and Accreting Black Holes
• Relativistic hydrodynamical simulations of the effects of the stellar wind and the orbit on high-mass microquasar jets
• Long-term study of the gamma-ray emission of Cygnus X-3 with MAGIC and Fermi-LAT