Coherent dynamics of strongly interacting electronic spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride

Abstract

Optically active spin defects in van der Waals materials are promising platforms for modern quantum technologies. Here we investigate the coherent dynamics of strongly interacting ensembles of negatively charged boron-vacancy (${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$) centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with varying defect density. By employing advanced dynamical decoupling sequences to selectively isolate different dephasing sources, we observe more than 5-fold improvement in the measured coherence times across all hBN samples. Crucially, we identify that the many-body interaction within the ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$ ensemble plays a substantial role in the coherent dynamics, which is then used to directly estimate the concentration of ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$. We find that at high ion implantation dosage, only a small portion of the created boron vacancy defects are in the desired negatively charged state. Finally, we investigate the spin response of ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$ to the local charged defects induced electric field signals, and estimate its ground state transverse electric field susceptibility. Our results provide new insights on the spin and charge properties of ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$, which are important for future use of defects in hBN as quantum sensors and simulators.

8+8+4 pages, 4+5+1 figures

References in corpus (50)

• Van der Waals heterostructures
• 2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures
• Quantum sensing
• The nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond
• Experimental loophole-free violation of a Bell inequality using entangled electron spins separated by 1.3 km
• Many-body localization, thermalization, and entanglement
• Sensing electric fields using single diamond spins
• Exploring the many-body localization transition in two dimensions
• Universal dynamical decoupling of a single solid-state spin from a spin bath
• Realization of a multi-node quantum network of remote solid-state qubits
• Room Temperature Initialisation and Readout of Intrinsic Spin Defects in a Van der Waals Crystal
• Tunable and high purity room-temperature single photon emission from atomic defects in hexagonal boron nitride
• Probing magnetism in 2D materials at the nanoscale with single spin microscopy
• Photo induced ionization dynamics of the nitrogen vacancy defect in diamond investigated by single shot charge state detection
• Silicon-Vacancy Spin Qubit in Diamond: A Quantum Memory Exceeding 10 ms with Single-Shot State Readout
• Properties of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: group theoretic approach
• Experimental Realization of Universal Geometric Quantum Gates with Solid-State Spins
• Sub-nanoscale Temperature, Magnetic Field and Pressure sensing with Spin Centers in 2D hexagonal Boron Nitride
• High-fidelity spin and optical control of single silicon vacancy centres in silicon carbide
• Observation of Slow Dynamics near the Many-Body Localization Transition in One-Dimensional Quasiperiodic Systems
• Layer-Resolved Magnetic Proximity Effect in van der Waals Heterostructures
• Many-body Localization with Dipoles
• Room-temperature optically detected magnetic resonance of single defects in hexagonal boron nitride
• Imaging stress and magnetism at high pressures using a nanoscale quantum sensor
• Quantum many-body theory of qubit decoherence in a finite-size spin bath
• Room Temperature Coherent Control of Spin Defects in hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Observation of a many-body-localized discrete time crystal with a programmable spin-based quantum simulator
• Critical thermalization of a disordered dipolar spin system in diamond
• Imaging the local charge environment of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• High-contrast plasmonic-enhanced shallow spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride for quantum sensing
• Enhanced solid-state multi-spin metrology using dynamical decoupling
• Wide Field Imaging of van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Depolarization dynamics in a strongly interacting solid-state spin ensemble
• Nanoscale electric-field imaging based on a quantum sensor and its charge-state control under ambient condition
• Bias induced up to 100% spin-injection and detection polarizations in ferromagnet/bilayer-hBN/graphene/hBN heterostructures
• NV- - N+ pair centre in 1b diamond
• Nuclear spin polarization and control in a van der Waals material
• Emergent hydrodynamics in a strongly interacting dipolar spin ensemble
• Coupling spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride to monolithic bullseye cavities
• Imaging domain reversal in an ultrathin van der Waals ferromagnet
• Probing many-body dynamics in a two dimensional dipolar spin ensemble
• Room temperature coherent control of protected qubit in hexagonal boron nitride
• Magnetic imaging with spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride
• Coherent dynamics of multi-spin ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$ centers in hexagonal boron nitride
• Optically Enhanced Electric Field Sensing Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Ensembles
• Photoionization of negatively charged NV centers in diamond: theory and ab initio calculations
• Nanoscale vector electric field imaging using a single electron spin
• Bounds on Energy Absorption and Prethermalization in Quantum Systems with Long-Range Interactions
• Quasi-Floquet prethermalization in a disordered dipolar spin ensemble in diamond
• Hamiltonian engineering of general two-body spin-1/2 interactions

Cited by in corpus (30)

• Quantum sensing and imaging with spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride
• Optically-active spin defects in few-layer thick hexagonal boron nitride
• Multi-species optically addressable spin defects in a van der Waals material
• Single nuclear spin detection and control in a van der Waals material
• Isotope engineering for spin defects in van der Waals materials
• Isotopic control of the boron-vacancy spin defect in hexagonal boron nitride
• Sensing Spin Wave Excitations by Spin Defects in Few-Layer Thick Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Detection of paramagnetic spins with an ultrathin van der Waals quantum sensor
• Quantum sensing of paramagnetic spins in liquids with spin qubits in hexagonal boron nitride
• Quasi-Floquet prethermalization in a disordered dipolar spin ensemble in diamond
• Experimental Realization of Discrete Time Quasi-Crystals
• Nanotube spin defects for omnidirectional magnetic field sensing
• Probing Stress and Magnetism at High Pressures with Two-Dimensional Quantum Sensors
• High Frequency Magnetometry with an Ensemble of Spin Qubits in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Violet to near-infrared optical addressing of spin pairs in hexagonal boron nitride
• Temperature dependent spin-phonon coupling of boron-vacancy centers in hexagonal boron nitride
• Creation and Microscopic Origins of Single-Photon Emitters in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Optically-Trapped Nanodiamond-Relaxometry Detection of Nanomolar Paramagnetic Spins in Aqueous Environments
• Intrinsic high-fidelity spin polarization of charged vacancies in hexagonal boron nitride
• Optimisation of electron irradiation for creating spin ensembles in hexagonal boron nitride
• Gate-set evaluation metrics for closed-loop optimal control on nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles in diamond
• Magnetic-field dependent VB- spin decoherence in hexagonal boron nitrides: A first-principles study
• Quantifying the creation of negatively charged boron vacancies in He-ion irradiated hexagonal boron nitride
• Continuous drive heterodyne microwave sensing with spin qubits in hexagonal boron nitride
• Systematic characterization of nanoscale $h$-BN quantum sensor spots created by helium-ion microscopy
• Many-Body Entanglement in Solid-State Emitters
• Universal Reconstruction of Complex Magnetic Profiles with Minimum Prior Assumptions
• A charge transfer mechanism for optically addressable solid-state spin pairs
• Group theoretical and ab-initio description of color center candidates in fluorographene
• Spin-Phonon Relaxation of Boron-Vacancy Centers in Two-Dimensional Boron Nitride Polytypes