Statistical analysis of initial state and final state response in heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

We develop a general decomposition of an ensemble of initial density profiles in terms of an average state and a basis of modes that represent the event-by-event fluctuations of the initial state. The basis is determined such that the probability distributions of the amplitudes of different modes are uncorrelated. Based on this decomposition, we quantify the different types and probabilities of event-by-event fluctuations in Glauber and Saturation models and investigate how the various modes affect different characteristics of the initial state. We perform simulations of the dynamical evolution with KoMPoST and MUSIC to investigate the impact of the modes on final-state observables and their correlations.

v2: final version: minor additions, 59 pages, 40 figures (depending on the viewer, Figs.22-25 may display incorrectly)

References in corpus (21)

• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• The equation of state in (2+1)-flavor QCD
• The Color Glass Condensate
• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Elliptic and triangular flow in event-by-event (3+1)D viscous hydrodynamics
• Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Triangularity and Dipole Asymmetry in Heavy Ion Collisions
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• GLISSANDO: GLauber Initial-State Simulation AND mOre
• Elliptic flow in the Gaussian model of eccentricity fluctuations
• Momentum spectra, anisotropic flow, and ideal fluids
• Eccentricity fluctuation effects on elliptic flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Universality of the saturation scale and the initial eccentricity in heavy ion collisions
• Multi-messenger heavy-ion collision physics
• Progress in the Glauber model at collider energies
• Multiplicities and $p_T$ spectra in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions from a next-to-leading order improved perturbative QCD + saturation + hydrodynamics model
• The hadronic nucleus-nucleus cross section and the nucleon size
• Statistics of initial density perturbations in heavy ion collisions and their fluid dynamic response
• Fluctuations of anisotropic flow from the finite number of rescatterings in a two-dimensional massless transport model

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Establishing the Range of Applicability of Hydrodynamics in High-Energy Collisions
• Opacity dependence of transverse flow, pre-equilibrium and applicability of hydrodynamics in heavy-ion collisions
• Pre-Equilibrium Evolution of Conserved Charges with ICCING Initial Conditions
• Comparing matching prescriptions between pre-equilibrium and hydrodynamic models in high-energy nuclear collisions
• The size of the quark-gluon plasma in ultracentral collisions: impact of initial density fluctuations on the average transverse momentum
• Statistical analysis of the fluctuations of an initial-state model with independently distributed hot spots
• Effects of magnetic field on the evolution of energy density fluctuations
• Attractors for Flow Observables in 2+1D Bjorken Flow
• Mode-by-mode evolution of Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV in a hybrid model
• Extended applicability domain of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics in (2+1)-D Bjorken flow with transverse expansion