Scalar Dark Matter Production from Preheating and Structure Formation Constraints

Abstract

We investigate the out-of-equilibrium production of scalar dark matter (DM) from the inflaton condensate during inflation and reheating. We assume that this scalar couples only to the inflaton via a direct quartic coupling and is minimally coupled to gravity. We consider all possible production regimes: purely gravitational, weak direct coupling (perturbative), and strong direct coupling (non-perturbative). For each regime, we use different approaches to determine the dark matter phase space distribution and the corresponding relic abundance. For the purely gravitational regime, scalar dark matter quanta are copiously excited during inflation resulting in an infrared (IR) dominated distribution function and a relic abundance which overcloses the universe for a reheating temperature $T_{\text{reh}}>34\text{GeV}$. A non-vanishing direct coupling induces an effective DM mass and suppresses the large IR modes in favor of ultraviolet (UV) modes and a minimal scalar abundance is generated when the interference between the direct and gravitational couplings is maximal. For large direct couplings, backreaction on the inflaton condensate is accounted for by using the Hartree approximation and lattice simulation techniques. Since scalar DM candidates can behave as non-cold dark matter, we estimate the impact of such species on the matter power spectrum and derive the corresponding constraints from the Lyman-$\alpha$ measurements. We find that they correspond to a lower bound on the DM mass of $\gtrsim 3\times 10^{-4}\mathrm{eV}$ for purely gravitational production, and $\gtrsim 20\mathrm{eV}$ for direct coupling production. We discuss the implications of these results.

arXiv comment42 pages, 18 figures; v2: minor changes to match published version

References in corpus (132)

• Planck 2018 results. X. Constraints on inflation
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) II: Approximation schemes
• Axion Cosmology
• Towards the Theory of Reheating After Inflation
• Dark Matter Search Results from a One Tonne$\times$Year Exposure of XENON1T
• Reheating after Inflation
• Ultralight scalars as cosmological dark matter
• Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure
• The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Freeze-In Production of FIMP Dark Matter
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015
• Universe Reheating after Inflation
• Constraining Warm Dark Matter candidates including sterile neutrinos and light gravitinos with WMAP and the Lyman-alpha forest
• The Waning of the WIMP? A Review of Models, Searches, and Constraints
• Warm Dark Matter as a solution to the small scale crisis: new constraints from high redshift Lyman-alpha forest data
• Equilibrium State of a Massless Self-Interacting Scalar Field in the De Sitter Background
• Quantum Gravity and Extra Dimensions at High-Energy Colliders
• Baryogenesis from Flat Directions of the Supersymmetric Standard Model
• Adiabatic and entropy perturbations from inflation
• Universality Class in Conformal Inflation
• The origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry
• How long before the end of inflation were observable perturbations produced?
• New Constraints on the free-streaming of warm dark matter from intermediate and small scale Lyman-$\alpha$ forest data
• The Dawn of FIMP Dark Matter: A Review of Models and Constraints
• Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis After Planck
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) IV: Efficient implementation of non-cold relics
• First CMB Constraints on the Inflationary Reheating Temperature
• Oscillons: Resonant Configurations During Bubble Collapse
• Cosmological consequences of MSSM flat directions
• Oscillons After Inflation
• Turbulent Thermalization
• Flat directions in the scalar potential of the supersymmetric standard model
• Probing Planckian physics: resonant production of particles during inflation and features in the primordial power spectrum
• Self-resonance after inflation: oscillons, transients and radiation domination
• Perturbations in generalized multi-field inflation
• Planckian Interacting Massive Particles as Dark Matter
• Lyman-alpha Forests cool Warm Dark Matter
• Relativistic Turbulence: A Long Way from Preheating to Equilibrium
• Lyman-alpha Forest Constraints on the Mass of Warm Dark Matter and the Shape of the Linear Power Spectrum
• Inflation and Preheating in NO models
• Preserving Flat Directions During Inflation
• The Equation of State and Duration to Radiation Domination After Inflation
• Adiabatic and Isocurvature Perturbations for Multifield Generalized Einstein Models
• Primordial Curvature Fluctuation and Its Non-Gaussianity in Models with Modulated Reheating
• Reheating and Post-inflationary Production of Dark Matter
• General Relativistic effects in preheating
• Cosmological perturbations from multi-field inflation in generalized Einstein theories
• Gravitational Particle Production in Oscillating Background and Its Cosmological Implications
• Inflaton Oscillations and Post-Inflationary Reheating
• Production of Purely Gravitational Dark Matter
• Metric preheating and limitations of linearized gravity
• Spin-2 Portal Dark Matter
• Curvature and isocurvature perturbations from two-field inflation in a slow-roll expansion
• Primordial black holes from the preheating instability
• Adiabatic and Isocurvature Perturbations from Inflation: Power Spectra and Consistency Relations
• Spacetime curvature and Higgs stability after inflation
• Inflaton Fragmentation and Oscillon Formation in Three Dimensions
• Cosmological constraints in extended parameter space from the Planck 2018 Legacy release
• Gravitational Production of Dark Matter during Reheating
• Cosmological Particle Production: A Review
• Theory and Phenomenology of Planckian Interacting Massive Particles as Dark Matter
• Non-Cold Dark Matter from Primordial Black Hole Evaporation
• Gravitational Effects on Inflaton Decay
• Calculations of Inflaton Decays and Reheating: with Applications to No-Scale Inflation Models
• Results of Dark Matter Search using the Full PandaX-II Exposure
• How warm are non-thermal relics? Lyman-$\alpha$ bounds on out-of-equilibrium dark matter
• Cold keV dark matter from decays and scatterings
• The art of simulating the early Universe -- Part I
• Big bang nucleosynthesis limit on N_nu
• CosmoLattice
• keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter from Singlet Scalar Decays: Basic Concepts and Subtle Features
• Gravitational portals in the early Universe
• Gravity-mediated (or Composite) Dark Matter
• Gauge Coupling Unification and Non-Equilibrium Thermal Dark Matter
• Prethermalization Production of Dark Matter
• Radiation and Relaxation of Oscillons
• Spectral Running and Non-Gaussianity from Slow-Roll Inflation in Generalised Two--Field Models
• How to constrain warm dark matter with the Lyman $\alpha$ forest
• Collapse of Small-Scale Density Perturbations during Preheating in Single Field Inflation
• Isocurvature constraints on gravitationally produced superheavy dark matter
• The Case for an EeV Gravitino
• Lyman-$\alpha$ constraints on freeze-in and superWIMPs
• The Art of Lattice and Gravity Waves from Preheating
• Inflation and High-Scale Supersymmetry with an EeV Gravitino
• Combined Preheating on the lattice with applications to Higgs inflation
• Isocurvature Constraints on Portal Couplings
• Lower Mass Bounds on FIMP Dark Matter Produced via Freeze-In
• A Minimal Model of Gravitino Dark Matter
• Inflationary Imprints on Dark Matter
• Gravitational Portals with Non-Minimal Couplings
• Gravitational waves from fragmentation of a primordial scalar condensate into Q-balls
• BICEP/Keck Constraints on Attractor Models of Inflation and Reheating
• Freezing-in dark matter through a heavy invisible $Z^{\prime }$
• Evolution of Cosmological Perturbation in Reheating Phase of the Universe
• Density Perturbations in Multifield Inflationary Models
• Simple predictions from multifield inflationary models
• Dark matter from gravitational particle production at reheating
• Gravitino Decay in High Scale Supersymmetry with R-parity Violation
• Light Dark Matter from Inflaton Decay
• Two-Field Analysis of No-Scale Supergravity Inflation
• Superheavy scalar dark matter from gravitational particle production in $\alpha$-attractor models of inflation
• Energy distribution and equation of state of the early Universe: matching the end of inflation and the onset of radiation domination
• Light Axinos from Freeze-in: production processes, phase space distributions, and Ly-$\alpha$ forest constraints
• Ultraviolet Freeze-in with a Time-dependent Inflaton Decay
• Boltzmann or Bogoliubov? Approaches Compared in Gravitational Particle Production
• Freeze-in from Preheating
• Preheating in Full General Relativity
• Cold light dark matter in extended seesaw models
• Gravitational Particle Production and the Moduli Problem
• Gravitational production of scalar dark matter
• Cannibalism hinders growth: Cannibal Dark Matter and the $S_8$ tension
• Non-adiabatic cosmological production of ultra-light Dark Matter
• Regulating the Baryon Asymmetry in No-Scale Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis
• Shining Light on the Scotogenic Model: Interplay of Colliders and Cosmology
• The Cosmological Evolution of Self-interacting Dark Matter
• Higgs, Moduli Problem, Baryogenesis and Large Volume Compactifications
• Formation of subhorizon black holes from preheating
• Lightening Gravity-Mediated Dark Matter
• Lattice Calculation of the Decay of Primordial Higgs Condensate
• Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis and Inflation in Supergravity with Strongly Stabilized Moduli
• Characterizing the post-inflationary reheating history, Part I: single daughter field with quadratic-quadratic interaction
• Towards the robustness of the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis
• Spillway Preheating
• Disformal Dark Matter
• Energy-Momentum portal to dark matter and emergent gravity
• Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis in Effective Supergravity
• Towards Constraining Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis
• Dark matter production and reheating via direct inflaton couplings: collective effects
• Momentum distribution of dark matter produced in inflaton decay: effect of inflaton mediated scatterings
• Metastable Conformal Dark Matter
• Testing Two-Field Inflation
• Gravitational SIMPs

Cited by in corpus (18)

• Boltzmann or Bogoliubov? Approaches Compared in Gravitational Particle Production
• WIMPs during Reheating
• From WIMPs to FIMPs with Low Reheating Temperatures
• Higgs boson induced reheating and ultraviolet frozen-in dark matter
• Isocurvature Constraints on Scalar Dark Matter Production from the Inflaton
• Post-Inflationary Dark Matter Bremsstrahlung
• Gauged Quintessence
• Gravitational Dark Matter from Minimal Preheating
• Gravitational reheating in Starobinsky inflation
• Present and future of CosmoLattice
• BBN Photodisintegration Constraints on Gravitationally Produced Vector Bosons
• Purely gravitational dark matter production in warm inflation
• Cosmological implications of inflaton-mediated dark and visible matter scatterings after reheating
• Impact of Dark Sector Preheating on CMB Observables
• Estimation of gravitational production uncertainties
• Cosmological effect of coherent oscillation of ultralight scalar fields in a multicomponent universe
• Fermion (non)reheating with a quartic inflaton potential
• Non-perturbative approach for scalar particle production in Higgs-$R^2$ inflation