Nonequilibrium Transport Induced by Biological Nanomachines

Abstract

Biological nanomachines are nanometer-size macromolecular complexes that catalyze chemical reactions in the presence of substrate molecules. The catalytic functions carried out by such nanomachines in the cytoplasm, and biological membranes are essential for cellular metabolism and homeostasis. During catalytic reactions, enzymes undergo conformational changes induced by substrate binding and product release. In recent years, these conformational dynamics have been considered to account for the nonequilibrium transport phenomena such as diffusion enhancement, chemotaxis, and substantial change in rheological properties, which are observed in biological systems. In this review article, we shall give an overview of the recent theoretical and experimental investigations that deal with nonequilibrium transport phenomena induced by biological nanomachines such as enzymes or proteins.

14 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (8)

• Turning bacteria suspensions into a "superfluid"
• State-dependent diffusion: thermodynamic consistency and its path integral formulation
• Analytic results for the three-sphere swimmer at low Reynolds number
• Active phase separation in mixtures of chemically interacting particles
• A physical perspective on cytoplasmic streaming (invited)
• Nonlinear Relaxation Dynamics in Elastic Networks and Design Principles of Molecular Machines
• Robust boundary flow in chiral active fluid
• Correlated dynamics of inclusions in a supported membrane

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Lorentz Reciprocal Theorem in Fluids with Odd Viscosity
• Hydrodynamics of an odd active surfer in a chiral fluid
• Onsager's variational principle for nonreciprocal systems with odd elasticity
• Pair dynamics of active force dipoles in an odd-viscous fluid
• Generalized Three-Sphere Microswimmers
• Chirotactic response of microswimmers in fluids with odd viscosity
• Odd elasticity of a catalytic micromachine
• Analytical solution for the hydrodynamic resistance of a disk in a compressible fluid layer with odd viscosity on a rigid substrate
• Non-reciprocity is necessary for robust dimensional reduction and strong responses in stochastic topological systems
• Force Dipole Interactions in Tubular Fluid Membranes
• Hydrodynamic flow field and frictional resistance coefficient of a disk rotating steadily in a compressible fluid layer with odd viscosity on a rigid substrate
• Dumbbell dimer dynamics in three-dimensional chiral fluids
• Irreversibility of stochastic state transitions in Langevin systems with odd elasticity