Magnetocaloric properties of $R_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ ($R$ = Tb,Gd,Nd,Dy)

Abstract

We report the characteristic magnetic properties of several members of the rare-earth garnet family, Gd${}_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ (GGG), Dy${}_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ (DGG), Tb${}_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ (TGG), and Nd${}_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ (NGG), and compare their relative potential utility for magnetocaloric cooling, including their minimal adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) temperatures and relative cooling parameters. A main objective of this work concerns the identification of potential improvements over the magnetocaloric properties of GGG for use in low temperature ADR cryostats. Using Tb${}^{+3}$ and Dy${}^{+3}$ in the rare-earth site offers, in principle, a higher saturation magnetization and Nd${}^{+3}$ gives a lower de Gennes factor and therefore potentially reduced magnetic transition temperatures, limiting the useful temperature range. Our results show that Dy${}_3$Ga${}_5$O${}_{12}$ yields an optimal relative cooling parameter ($RCP$) at low applied fields and low limiting temperatures, which would allow for the design of more efficient ADR cryostats.

10 pages, 10 figures, published in Physical Review Applied

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• Frustrated magnet for adiabatic demagnetization cooling to milli-Kelvin temperatures
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• Updating the phase diagram of the archetypal frustrated magnet Gd3Ga5O12
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• Field induced magnetic order in the frustrated magnet Gadolinium Gallium Garnet
• Anisotropic phase diagram and spin fluctuations of the hyperkagome magnet Gd3Ga5O12 as revealed by sound velocity measurements
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• Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration to mK temperatures with the distorted square lattice magnet NaYbGeO${}_4$
• Utilizing frustration in Gd- and Yb-based oxides for milli-Kelvin adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration
• Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration with antiferromagnetically ordered NaGdP${}_2$O${}_7$
• Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice Gd${}_3$BWO${}_9$