Rescuing High-Scale Leptogenesis using Primordial Black Holes

Abstract

We explore the interplay between light primordial black holes (PBH) and high-scale baryogenesis, with a particular emphasis on leptogenesis. We first review a generic baryogenesis scenario where a heavy particle, $X$, with mass, $M_X$, produced solely from PBH evaporation decays to generate a baryon asymmetry. We show that the viable parameter space is bounded from above by $M_X\lesssim 10^{17}$ GeV and increases with decreasing $M_X$. We demonstrate that regions of the leptogenesis parameter space where the lightest right-handed neutrino (RHN) mass $M_{N_1}\gtrsim 10^{15}\mathrm{GeV}$ and neutrino mass scale $m_{\nu }\gtrsim 0.1$ eV, excluded in standard cosmology due to $\Delta L=2$ washout processes, becomes viable with the assistance of light PBHs. This scenario of PBH-assisted leptogenesis occurs because the PBHs radiate RHNs via Hawking evaporation late in the Universe's evolution when the temperature of the thermal plasma is low relative to the RHN mass. Subsequently, these RHNs can decay and produce a lepton asymmetry while the washout processes are suppressed.

19 pages, 4 figures; Added clarifying comments and references. Matches version accepted for publication in PRD

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• Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes in the Early Universe: Mass and Spin Distributions
• Cogenesis of Baryon Asymmetry and Gravitational Dark Matter from Primordial Black Holes
• Gravitational wave signatures of PBH-generated baryon-dark matter coincidence
• Pinning down the primordial black hole formation mechanism with gamma-rays and gravitational waves
• Detecting Axion-Like Particles with Primordial Black Holes
• PBH assisted search for QCD axion dark matter