The role of low-lying resonances for ${}^{10}$Be(p,$\alpha$) reaction rate and implications for the formation of the Solar System

Abstract

Evidence for the presence of short-lived radioactive isotopes when the Solar System formed is preserved in meteorites, providing insights into the conditions at the birth of our Sun. A low-mass core-collapse supernova had been postulated as a candidate for the origin of ${}^{10}$Be, reinforcing the idea that a supernova triggered the formation of the Solar System. We present a detailed study of the production of ${}^{10}$Be by the $\nu$ process in supernovae, which is very sensitive to the reaction rate of the major destruction channel, ${}^{10}$Be(p,$\alpha$)${}^7$Li. With data from recent nuclear experiments that show the presence of a resonant state in ${}^{11}$B at $\approx$~193 keV, we derive new values for the ${}^{10}$Be(p,$\alpha$)${}^7$Li reaction rate which are significantly higher than previous estimates. We show that, with the new ${}^{10}$Be(p,$\alpha$)${}^7$Li reaction rate, a low mass CCSN is unlikely to produce enough ${}^{10}$Be to explain the observed ${}^{10}$Be/ ${}^9$Be ratio in meteorites, even for a wide range of neutrino spectra considered in our models. These findings point towards spallation reactions induced by solar energetic particles in the early Solar System as the origin of ${}^{10}$Be.

12 pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables. Submitted to Physical Review C

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• Neutrinos and nucleosynthesis of elements
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• Single-particle properties of the near-threshold proton-emitting resonance in ${}^{11}$B