Effects of the refractive index of the X-ray corona on the emission lines in AGN

P. Chainakun; A. Watcharangkool; A. J. Young

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac362

paper

Effects of the refractive index of the X-ray corona on the emission lines in AGN

arXiv:2202.03657 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac362

Abstract

X-ray reflection from an accretion disc produces characteristic emission lines allowing us to probe the innermost regions in AGN. We investigate these emission lines under a framework of Riemannian geometrical optics where the corona has a refractive index of $n \neq = 1$ . The empty space outside is a vacuum with $n = 1$ . The Kerr metric is modified to trace the light rays that are bent due to not only the gravity of the black hole, but also the effects of coronal plasma dependent on $n$ . The choice of $n$ alters the null geodesics, producing the effect which is analogous to the light deflection. For the corona with $n > 1$ , the disc on the far side within the corona covers a larger area on the observer' sky, enhancing the blue wing of the line and producing more flux difference between the blue peak and extended red tail. The inverse effects are seen when $n < 1$ . Moreover, the corona with $n > 1$ and $n < 1$ could induce extra shifts in the blue wing ( $Δ g_{ma x}$ ) to higher and lower energy, respectively. These effects are more prominent when the inclination angle is $≳ 6 0^{\circ}$ and the corona extends to $≳ 5 r_{g}$ . To obtain the deviation of the line shift of $Δ g_{max} ≳ 0.01$ , the difference between the refractive index of the corona and that of the empty space must be $Δ n ≳ 0.5$ . Finally, the lensing corona can influence the arrival time of photons that may affect the observed variability of these emission lines

arXiv comment12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Effects of the refractive index of the X-ray corona on the emission lines in AGN

Abstract

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