Science Potential for Stellar-mass Black Holes as Neighbors of Sgr A*
arXiv:2201.03154 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.105.123018
Abstract
It has been suggested that there is possibly a class of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) residing near (distance ) the galactic center massive black hole, Sgr A*. Possible formation scenarios include the mass segregation of massive stellar-mass black holes and/or the disk migration if there was an active accretion flow near Sgr A* within Myr. In this work, we explore the application of this type of objects as sources of space-borne gravitational wave detectors, such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). We find it is possible to probe the spin of Sgr A* based on the precession of the orbital planes of these stellar-mass black holes moving around Sgr A*. We also show that the dynamical friction produced by accumulated cold dark matter near Sgr A* generally produces small measurable phase shift in the gravitational waveform. In the case that there is an axion cloud near Sgr A*, the dynamical friction induced modification to gravitational waveform is measurable only if the mass of the axion field is in a narrow range of the mass spectrum. Gravitational interaction between the axion cloud and the stellar-mass black holes may introduce additional precession around the spin of Sgr A*. This additional precession rate is generally weaker than the spin-induced Lense-Thirring precession rate, but nevertheless may contaminate the spin measurement in a certain parameter regime. At last, we point out that the multi-body gravitational interaction between these stellar-mass black holes generally causes negligible phase shift during the LISA lifetime.
arXiv comment12 pages, 11 figures v2: new Fisher parameter added; threshold SNR changes slightly; v3: matches with the published version;
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