General theory of Josephson Diodes

Abstract

Motivated by recent progress in the superconductivity nonreciprocal phenomena, we study the general theory of Josephson diodes. The central ingredient for Josephson diodes is the asymmetric proximity process inside the tunneling barrier. From the symmetry breaking point of view, there are two types of Josephson diodes, inversion breaking and time-reversal breaking. For the inversion breaking case, applying voltage bias could effectively tune the proximity process like the voltage-dependent Rashba coupling or electric polarization giving rise to $I_c(V)\ne I_c(-V)$ and $I_{r+}\ne I_{r-}$. For the time-reversal breaking case, the current flow could adjust the internal time-reversal breaking field like magnetism or time-reversal breaking electron-electron pairing, which leads to $I_{c+}\ne I_{c-}$. All these results provide a complete understanding and the general principles of realizing Josephson diodes, especially the recently found NbSe${}_2$/Nb${}_3$Br${}_8$/NbSe${}_2$ Josephson diodes.

10 pages, 7 figures in main text with supplemental material, accepted in PRX

References in corpus (15)

• Direct coupling between magnetism and superconducting current in Josephson Phi junction
• A phenomenological theory of superconductor diodes
• Supercurrent diode effect and magnetochiral anisotropy in few-layer NbSe${}_2$
• Anomalous Josephson effect induced by spin-orbit interaction and Zeeman effect in semiconductor nanowires
• Universal Josephson diode effect
• Theory of zero-field superconducting diode effect in twisted trilayer graphene
• Magnetoelectrics in Disordered Topological Insulator Josephson Junctions
• Effect of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on supercurrent rectification and magnetochiral anisotropy of ballistic Josephson junctions
• Supercurrent Diode Effect, Spin Torques, and Robust Zero-Energy Peak in Planar Half-Metallic Trilayers
• Tunable Magnetic Transition to a Singlet Ground State in a 2D Van der Waals Layered Trimerized Kagomé Magnet
• Josephson Current through Semiconductor Nanowire with Spin-Orbit Interaction in Magnetic Field
• Spontaneous supercurrent and $\varphi$0 phase shift parallel to magnetized topological insulator interfaces
• φ-State and Inverted Fraunhofer Pattern in Nonaligned Josephson Junctions
• Topology invisible to eigenvalues in obstructed atomic insulators
• Spin-orbital coupling effect on Josephson current through a superconductor heterojunction

Cited by in corpus (91)

• Universal Josephson diode effect
• The Josephson diode effect in supercurrent interferometers
• Altermagnetic superconducting diode effect
• Gate Tunable Josephson Diode in Proximitized InAs Supercurrent Interferometers
• Josephson Diode Effect Induced by Valley Polarization in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
• Tunable Josephson diode effect on the surface of topological insulators
• Hybrid helical state and superconducting diode effect in S/F/TI heterostructures
• Superconducting diode effect and nonreciprocal transition lines
• Superconducting phenomena in systems with unconventional magnets
• Diode effects in current-biased Josephson junctions
• Discovery of a Single-Band Mott Insulator in a van der Waals Flat-Band Compound
• Field-free anomalous junction and superconducting diode effect in spin split superconductor/topological insulator junctions
• Field-free Josephson diode effect in altermagnet/normal metal/altermagnet junctions
• Non-Reciprocal Supercurrents in a Field-Free Graphene Josephson Triode
• Parity protected superconducting diode effect in topological Josephson junctions
• Enhanced Superconducting Diode Effect due to coexisting Phases
• Gate-tunable Josephson diode effect in Rashba spin-orbit coupled quantum dot junctions
• Superconducting diode effect in quasi-one-dimensional systems
• Flux-Tunable Josephson Diode Effect in a Hybrid Four-Terminal Josephson Junction
• Mottness in two-dimensional van der Waals Nb${}_3$X${}_8$ monolayers (X=Cl, Br, and I)
• Microwave-Tunable Diode Effect in Asymmetric SQUIDs with Topological Josephson Junctions
• Josephson diode based on conventional superconductors and a chiral quantum dot
• Universal spin superconducting diode effect from spin-orbit coupling
• Josephson diode effects in twisted nodal superconductors
• Supercurrent diode effect in thin film Nb tracks
• Field-Effect Josephson Diode via Asymmetric Spin-Momentum-Locking States
• Josephson diode effect in monolithic dc-SQUIDs based on 3D Dayem nanobridges
• Design of Josephson diode based on magnetic impurity
• Josephson Diode Effect in Topological Superconductor
• Anomalous supercurrent and diode effect in locally perturbed topological Josephson junctions
• Engineered Josephson diode effect in kinked Rashba nanochannels
• Nonreciprocal charge transport and subharmonic structure in voltage-biased Josephson diodes
• Magnetic-field-free nonreciprocal transport in graphene multi-terminal Josephson junctions
• Superconducting diodes from magnetization gradients
• Proximity-induced equilibrium supercurrent and perfect superconducting diode effect due to band asymmetry
• Field-free superconducting diode effect and magnetochiral anisotropy in FeTe0.7Se0.3 junctions with the inherent asymmetric barrier
• Superconducting Diode Effect in Two-dimensional Topological Insulator Edges and Josephson Junctions
• Intrinsic superconducting diode effects in tilted Weyl and Dirac semimetals
• Nonreciprocal superconductivity
• Time reversal symmetry breaking and zero magnetic field Josephson diode effect in Dirac semimetal Cd3As2-mediated asymmetric SQUIDs
• Josephson diode effect with Andreev and Majorana bound states
• Orbital effect on intrinsic superconducting diode effect
• Theory of universal diode effect in three-terminal Josephson junctions
• The hybrid Josephson rhombus: A superconducting element with tailored current-phase relation
• Superconducting diode efficiency from singlet-triplet mixing in disordered systems
• Dissipationless Nonlinearity in Quantum Material Josephson Diodes
• Field-free Josephson diode effect in interacting chiral quantum dot junctions
• Voltage-controlled synthesis of higher harmonics in hybrid Josephson junction circuits
• Intrinsic superconducting diode effect and nonreciprocal superconductivity in rhombohedral graphene multilayers
• Quasiparticles-mediated thermal diode effect in Weyl Josephson junctions
• Tunable Josephson diode effect in singlet superconductor-altermagnet-triplet superconductor junctions
• Magnonic $\phi$ Josephson junctions and synchronized precession
• Reconstruction-Induced ${\phi }_0$ Josephson Effect in Quantum Spin Hall Constrictions
• Transverse Josephson diode effect in tilted Dirac systems
• Inter-orbital Cooper pairing at finite energies in Rashba surface states
• Theory of quantum-geometric charge and spin Josephson diode effects in strongly spin-polarized hybrid structures with noncoplanar spin textures
• Transverse Cooper-Pair Rectifier
• Fabry-Perot superconducting diode
• Kramers Fulde-Ferrell state and superconducting spin diode effect
• Geometric and conventional contributions of superconducting diode effect: Application to flat-band systems
• Non-Hermitian superconducting diode effect
• Influence of capacitance and thermal fluctuations on the Josephson diode effect in asymmetric higher-harmonic SQUIDs
• Floquet-engineered diode performance in a Majorana-quantum dot Josephson junction
• Quasi-ideal feedback-loop supercurrent diode
• Momentum-Resolved Fingerprint of Mottness in Layer-Dimerized Nb${}_3$Br${}_8$
• ${\varphi }_0$-junction and Josephson diode effect in high-temperature superconductor
• Spin-resolved Josephson diode effect through strongly spin-polarized conical magnets
• Suppression of one-dimensional weak localization by band asymmetry
• Josephson diodes induced by the loop current states
• Tunable diode effect in a superconducting tunnel junction with biharmonic drive
• Controllable Josephson diode effect, $0$-$\pi$ transition and switch effect in the superconductor/two-dimensional Weyl nodal line semimetal/superconductor junctions
• Diode effect in Shapiro steps in an asymmetric SQUID with a superconducting nanobridge
• Dissipation-enhanced non-reciprocal superconductivity: application to multi-valley superconductors
• Temperature tuned Fermi surface topology and segmentation in non-centrosymmetric superconductors
• From strong to weak correlations in breathing-mode kagome van der Waals materials: Nb${}_3$(F,Cl,Br,I)${}_8$ as a robust and versatile platform for many-body engineering
• Enhanced Superconducting Diode Effect in the Asymmetric Hatsugai-Kohmoto Model
• Controlling superconducting transistor by coherent light
• Josephson diode and spin-valve effects on the surface of altermagnet CrSb
• Perturbative Analysis of the Field-Free Josephson Diode Effect in a Multilayered Josephson Junction
• Nonreciprocal Equilibrium Josephson Effect of Arbitrary Periodicity from Poor Man's Majorana Zero Modes
• Pressure induced magnetic-field-free superconducting diode effect in NbSe2 flake
• Giant and robust Josephson diode effect in multiband topological nanowires
• Predicted third-order sweet spots for phi-junction Josephson parametric amplifiers
• Phase-sensitive non-reciprocal transport in high-temperature superconductor
• Universal route towards field-free electrically polarity-reversible Josephson diode
• Thermodynamic Constraints on Perfect Equilibrium Superconducting Diodes
• Transverse superconducting diode without parity and time-reversal violation
• Vertex corrections to nonlinear photoinduced currents in 2D superconductors
• Diode effect in microwave irradiated Josephson junctions with Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states
• Josephson diode effect via a non-equilibrium Rashba system
• Spin Josephson diode effect induced by higher-harmonic spin Josephson currents in a diffusive Josephson junction