Ultrafast energy exchange between two single Rydberg atoms on the nanosecond timescale

Abstract

Rydberg atoms, with their giant electronic orbitals, exhibit dipole-dipole interaction reaching the GHz range at a distance of a micron, making them a prominent contender for realizing quantum operations well within their coherence time. However, such strong interactions have never been harnessed so far, mainly because of the stringent requirements on the fluctuation of the atom positions and the necessary excitation strength. Here, using atoms trapped in the motional ground-state of optical tweezers and excited to a Rydberg state with picosecond pulsed lasers, we observe an interaction-driven energy exchange, i.e., a Förster oscilation, occuring in a timescale of nanoseconds, two orders of magnitude faster than in any previous work with Rydberg atoms. This ultrafast coherent dynamics gives rise to a conditional phase which is the key resource for an ultrafast controlled-$Z$ gate. This opens the path for quantum simulation and computation operating at the speed-limit set by dipole-dipole interactions with this ultrafast Rydberg platform.

References in corpus (10)

• Demonstration of Two-Qubit Algorithms with a Superconducting Quantum Processor
• Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms
• An addressable quantum dot qubit with fault-tolerant control fidelity
• Controlling many-body dynamics with driven quantum scars in Rydberg atom arrays
• Fast and robust two-qubit gates for scalable ion trap quantum computing
• Coherent dipole-dipole coupling between two single atoms at a Förster resonance
• Ultrafast Gates for Single Atomic Qubits
• Strongly correlated growth of Rydberg aggregates in a vapor cell
• Demonstration of two-atom entanglement with ultrafast optical pulses
• High fidelity entanglement of neutral atoms via a Rydberg-mediated single-modulated-pulse controlled-PHASE gate

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