Magnetohydrodynamic winds driven by line force from the standard thin disk around supermassive black holes: II. a possible model for ultra-fast outflows in radio-loud AGNs

Abstract

In radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) were detected at the inclination angle of $\sim 10^{\mathrm{o}}$--$70^{\mathrm{o}}$ away from jets. Except for the inclination angle of UFOs, the UFOs in radio-loud AGNs have similar properties to that in radio-quiet AGNs. The UFOs with such low inclination cannot be explained in the line-force mechanism. The magnetic-driving mechanism is suggested to explain the UFOs based on a self-similar solution with radiative transfer calculations. However, the energetics of self-similar solution need to be further confirmed based on numerical simulations. To understand the formation and acceleration of UFOs in radio-loud AGNs, this paper presents a model of the disk winds driven by both line force and magnetic field and implements numerical simulations. Initially, a magnetic field is set to 10 times stronger than the gas pressures at the disk surface. Simulation results imply that the disk winds driven by both line force and magnetic field could describe the properties of UFOs in radio-loud AGNs. Pure magnetohydrodynamics (MHDs) simulation is also implemented. When the initial conditions are the same, the hybrid models of magnetic fields and line force are more helpful to form UFOs than the pure MHD models. It is worth studying the case of a stronger magnetic field to confirm this result.

Accepted for publication in ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Large-scale Dynamics of Winds Driven by Line Force from a Thin Accretion Disk
• The dynamical structure of the outflows driven by a large-scale magnetic field
• Effect of radiation drag on the line-force-driven winds
• Poynting-Robertson effect on black-hole-driven winds
• Numerical simulations of the line-force-driven winds from active galactic nuclei: The special relativistic effects