The XMM Cluster Survey: An independent demonstration of the fidelity of the eFEDS galaxy cluster data products and implications for future studies

Abstract

We present the first comparison between properties of clusters of galaxies detected by the eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) and the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS). We have compared, in an ensemble fashion, properties from the eFEDS X-ray cluster catalogue with those from the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic (XXL) survey project (XXL-100-GC). We find the distributions of redshift and X-ray temperature ($T_{\mathrm{X}}$) to be broadly similar between the two surveys, with a larger proportion of clusters above 4 keV in the XXL-100-GC sample. We find 62 eFEDS cluster candidates with XMM data (eFEDS-XMM sample); 10 do not have good enough XMM data to confirm or deny, 11 are classed as sample contaminants, and 4 have their X-ray flux contaminated by another source. The majority of eFEDS-XMM sources have a longer exposure in XMM than eFEDS, and the majority of eFEDS positions are within 100 kpc of XCS positions. Our eFEDS-XCS sample of 37 clusters is used to calculate minimum sample contamination fractions of $\sim$18% and $\sim$9% in the eFEDS X-ray and optically confirmed samples respectively, in general agreement with eFEDS findings. We compare 29 X-ray luminosities ($L_{\mathrm{X}}$) measured by eFEDS and XCS, which are in excellent agreement. Eight clusters have a $T_{\mathrm{X}}$ measured by XMM and eROSITA, and we find that XMM temperatures are 25$\pm$9% larger than their eROSITA counterparts. Finally, we construct $L_{\mathrm{X}}$ - $T_{\mathrm{X}}$ scaling relations based on eFEDS and XCS measurements, which are in tension; the tension is decreased when we measure a third scaling relation with calibrated XCS temperatures.

arXiv comment20 pages (13 + 7 appendices), 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS

References in corpus (34)

• Array Programming with NumPy
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• The chemical composition of the Sun
• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission Line Diagnostics of Hydrogen-like and Helium-like Ions
• HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS
• Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
• The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): survey diagnostics and core data release
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Survey: Overview and Survey Design
• Chandra Cluster Cosmology Project III: Cosmological Parameter Constraints
• The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
• Second Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• The Quiescent Intracluster Medium in the Core of the Perseus Cluster
• The XXL Survey: I. Scientific motivations - XMM-Newton observing plan - Follow-up observations and simulation programme
• The X-ray cluster survey with eROSITA: forecasts for cosmology, cluster physics and primordial non-Gaussianity
• XMM-Newton and Chandra Cross Calibration Using HIFLUGCS Galaxy Clusters: Systematic Temperature Differences and Cosmological Impact
• Probing cosmic isotropy with a new X-ray galaxy cluster sample through the $L_{\text{X}}-T$ scaling relation
• The XXL Survey. II. The bright cluster sample: catalogue and luminosity function
• The XXL Survey III. Luminosity-temperature relation of the Bright Cluster Sample
• The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology
• A Multi-component Matched Filter Cluster Confirmation Tool for eROSITA: Initial Application to the RASS and DES-SV Datasets
• HICOSMO - Cosmology with a complete sample of galaxy clusters: II. Cosmological results
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray Properties and Scaling Relations of Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• Full-sky photon simulation of clusters and active galactic nuclei in the soft X-rays for eROSITA
• Buried Black Hole Growth in IR-selected Mergers: New Results from Chandra
• Detection of anti-correlation of hot and cold baryons in galaxy clusters
• Adaptable Radiative Transfer Innovations for Submillimetre Telescopes (ARTIST) - Dust polarisation module (DustPol)
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): Optical confirmation, redshifts, and properties of the cluster and group catalog
• Studying the merging cluster Abell 3266 with eROSITA
• The X-CLASS survey: A catalogue of 1646 X-ray-selected galaxy clusters up to z$\sim$1.5
• Extreme ultra-soft X-ray variability in an eROSITA observation of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 0707-495
• The XMM Cluster Survey: new evidence for the 3.5 keV feature in clusters is inconsistent with a dark matter origin

Cited by in corpus (2)

• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: SRG/eROSITA cross-calibration with Chandra and XMM-Newton using galaxy cluster gas temperatures
• X-ray cluster cosmology